Highly Multiplexed Optogenetic Neural Stimulation using integrated optical technologies

摘要本研究将利用现代集成波分复用技术，使光学探针所需的外部接口点数量最小化，同时使增强型电生理神经记录探针上的光学刺激点总数最大化。阵列波导光栅解复用器将在神经探针上制造，并将用于分离通过公共光纤的多个光信号。光通道密度的提高将允许更精确地刺激局部核，实现神经元的选择性刺激的高空间和时间复用，并且将允许在植入神经探针时具有更大的灵活性。为了允许单个或多个渠道被激活，作者将建立一个？多色的？其将利用光栅从宽带光源分离光谱分量，并将光谱投影到数字反射镜装置（DMD）上，类似于在数字投影仪中发现的那些。由于光谱信息将在空间上被编码，所以可以使用DMD通过激活或去激活像素列来选择光谱带。所得到的光谱带将被准直并用于提供具有仔细控制和操纵的光谱带的源，从而允许通过探针上解复用对刺激进行直接空间控制。

ABSTRACTThe proposed effort will use modern integrated wavelength division multiplexing to minimize theamount of external points of interface needed by optical probes while maximizing the total points of optical stimulation on an augmented electrophysiological neural recording probe. Array waveguide grating demultiplexers will be fabricated on neural probes and will be used to segregate multiple optical signals passed over a common fiber. The improvement of optical channel density will allow for more precise stimulation of local nuclei, enable high spatial and temporal multiplexing of selective stimulation of neurons and will allow for more flexibility when implanting neural probes. To allow for individual or multiple channels to be activated, the authors will build a ?polychromator? which will utilize a grating to separate spectral components from a broadband light source and project the spectrum onto a digital mirror device (DMD), similar to those found in digital projectors. Since the spectral information will be encoded spatially, spectral bands can be selected using the DMD by activating or deactivating columns of pixels. The resulting spectral bands will be collimated and used to provide a source with carefully controlled and manipulated spectral bands, allowing for direct spatial control of the stimulus through on-probe demultiplexing.