An Integrated Framework for the Aerodynamic Shape and Performance-Based Topology Optimization of Tall Buildings under Winds

该项目的目的是通过计算流体动力学（CFD）辅助结构的形状裁剪和几何优化来进行超高层建筑的分析和设计研究。超高层建筑不仅需要安全，还需要在大风中让居住者感到舒适。CFD模拟将允许建筑师改变建筑的美学，并允许结构工程师开发安全、可用和高效的结构系统。将尖端的CFD技术与最先进的结构系统优化相结合是该项目的创新之处。这一结果将使美国咨询公司在国际高层建筑设计市场上具有竞争优势。建筑设计过程的两个基本阶段，概念阶段和初步阶段，将进行调查，目的是加强分析方法和优化程序。在概念设计阶段，将开发低维CFD模拟策略，允许对参数化（设想为建筑信息建模（BIM）过程的一部分）几何轮廓进行有效和稳健的比较气动评估，并通过嵌入式动态网格算法进行变形。这些策略将充分利用CFD流动模拟的最新进展，同时避免了低维建模带来的大量计算负担。这将导致首个高层建筑的空气动力学形状/形式裁剪工具，这不仅将阐明几何修改的空气动力学效果，而且还有助于定义空气动力学最佳轮廓。设计过程的第二步将进行研究，目的是开发基于性能的拓扑优化算法，特别是针对定义与第一阶段建筑轮廓相结合的坚固和创新的结构系统。这些算法将根据性能预期产生最佳结构拓扑，根据系统脆弱性定义，明确地对高层建筑结构系统必须存在的不确定环境进行建模。这些算法将被解析地嵌入到专门开发的拓扑搜索空间中，这些拓扑搜索空间能够产生具有现代高层建筑设计空间复杂性所要求的形态和可构造性的结构。

Objective of the project is to pursue research in analysis and design of super-tall buildings through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) aided shape tailoring and geometric optimization of the structure. Super-tall buildings not only need to be safe but also need to be comfortable to occupants in high winds. CFD simulations will allow the architects to change the aesthetics of the building and permit the structural engineer to develop structural systems that are safe, serviceable and efficient. The integration of cutting-edge CFD technologies with state-of-the-art structural system optimization is the innovation of this project. The results will give U.S. consultants a competitive edge in the international market of design of tall buildings. Two fundamental stages of the building design process, conceptual and preliminary, will be investigated with the aim of enhancing analysis methodologies and optimization procedures. Concerning the conceptual design stage, low dimensional CFD simulation strategies that allow the efficient and robust comparative aerodynamic assessment of parameterized - envisaged as part of the Building Information Modeling (BIM) process - geometric profiles, morphable through embedded dynamic mesh algorithms, will be developed. These strategies will take full advantage of the latest advances in CFD flow simulation while avoiding the large computational burden through low-dimensional modeling. This will lead to a first-of-its-kind tall building aerodynamic shape/form tailoring tool that will not only shed light on the aerodynamic effects of geometric modification, but also help define aerodynamically optimum profiles. Step two of the design process will be investigated with the aim of developing performance-based topology optimization algorithms specifically geared at defining robust and innovative structural systems to be coupled with the building profiles of stage one. These algorithms will yield optimum structural topologies subject to performance expectations, defined in terms of system fragility, explicitly modeling the uncertain environment in which the structural system of tall buildings must exist. These algorithms will be analytically embedded within specifically developed topology search spaces capable of yielding structures with the morphology and constructability demanded by the complexity of the architectural design space of modern tall buildings.