FSML: Improvements to the Keys Marine Laboratory Seawater System

Keys海洋实验室（http://keysmarinelab.org）获得了一笔拨款，用于升级和扩展其现有的海水系统，以提供最先进的现场研究能力。位于佛罗里达群岛的基斯海洋实验室（KML）是一个教育和研究实验室，为来自世界各地的研究人员、教师和学生提供服务。这一改良的海水系统将为KML用户提供全年高品质的按需海水，以进行实验室实验，从而实现以前无法实现的现场研究。升级后的系统提供了再循环和控制水质、温度和pH值进入各种水箱的能力，允许再循环和污水处理，包括过滤和紫外线杀菌。该提案利用了佛罗里达鱼类和野生动物保护委员会（FWC）先前支持的改进措施。来自处理设施（由FWC资金建造）的水将流入一系列头部水箱，在那里进行温度和pH值调整。一组加热器和冷却器提供温度控制，同样，注入的二氧化碳调节pH值到所需的水平。然后，主水箱通过水泵将水输送到实验水箱。实验槽设置将允许在不同体积和各种温度和pH值组合下需要复制能力的实验。更大的水箱将配备水再循环能力。再循环允许进一步控制和操纵水，增加过滤，并提供防止上游故障或污染的保障。新的海水系统将为具有全球影响的热带和亚热带生态系统，包括海洋生物资源的研究提供基础。特别是控制水质以代表过去、现在和未来条件的能力，将提高对系统和海洋生物资源影响范围的科学理解和预测。通过这种方式，预测可以提供最佳情况和最坏情况以及中间情况，这将指导资源管理行动。例如，对未来气候情景下珊瑚的研究将为珊瑚的生产力和脆弱性提供新的见解。据估计，仅在南佛罗里达州，珊瑚礁就为休闲和商业捕鱼提供了渔业资源栖息地，并通过休闲浮潜和潜水活动支持了44亿美元的产业。因此，它们不仅具有科学好奇心，而且具有经济重要性，是向更广泛的受众进行教育宣传的一种手段。

The Keys Marine Laboratory (http://keysmarinelab.org) is awarded a grant to upgrade and expand its existing seawater system to provide a state of the art research capability on-site. The Keys Marine Laboratory (KML), in the Florida Keys, is an educational and research laboratory serving researchers, faculty and students from around the world. This enhanced seawater system will provide KML users with year-round high quality, on-demand seawater to conduct laboratory experiments and hence allow on-site research not previously possible. The upgraded system provides the ability to recirculate and manipulate water quality, temperature, and pH into a variety of tanks, allowing for recirculation and effluent treatment, including filtration and UV sterilization. The proposal leverages prior improvements supported by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC). Water from the treatment facility (built with FWC funds), will flow into a series of head tanks where temperature and pH adjustments take place. A set of heaters and chillers provide temperature control and similarly, injected carbon dioxide regulates pH to desired levels. The head tanks then deliver water, via pumps, to the experimental tanks. The experimental tank setup will allow for experiments requiring replicate ability at varying volumes and a variety of temperature and pH combinations. Larger tanks will be equipped with the capacity for water recirculation. Recirculation allows for further control and manipulation of water, increased filtration, and provides a safeguard against upstream failures or contaminations. The new seawater system will provide a basis for research on tropical and sub-tropical ecosystems, including living marine resources, with global implications. In particular the ability to manipulate water quality to represent past, present, and future conditions will provide an improved scientific understanding and anticipation of the range of impacts to systems and living marine resources. In this way, forecasts can provide best case and worst case scenarios in addition to intermediate scenarios, which will guide resource management actions. For example, research on coral under future climate scenarios will provide new insights into coral productivity and vulnerability. It is estimated that coral reefs support a $4.4 billion industry in South Florida alone by providing a habitat for fishery resources for recreational and commercial fishing and through recreational snorkeling and diving activities. As such, they are not only of scientific curiosity, but are also of economic importance and a means of educational outreach to a broader audience.