Coastal SEES (Track 1): Planning for hydrologic and ecological impacts of sea level rise on sustainability of coastal water resources

沿海SEES（轨道1）：海平面上升对沿海水资源可持续性的水文和生态影响的规划Jonathan Martin，Andrew Ogram，Zhong-ren Peng和Arnoldo Valle-Levinson研究所：佛罗里达大学项目技术概述预计到2100年，海平面将上升1米或更多。 快速增长的沿海社区的一个共同关切是风暴造成的沿海地区淹没，但另一个微妙和可能更严重的影响将是咸水侵入沿海沿着含水层对饮用水资源的改变。海平面上升的这些负面影响可能随着沿海人口的增长及其对地下水需求的增加而增加。 影响将包括现有水资源的盐碱化以及依赖淡水排放的沿海生态系统的变化。 淡水以各种方式从沿海含水层流出，从广泛分布的桑迪沉积物流出，到石灰岩地区含有充水管道和洞穴的泉水流出。 此外，盐水的入侵可能会改变地下微生物群落。 由于这些微生物对控制水化学很重要，群落的变化也可能导致含水层水质的变化。 这一项目要解决的具体问题包括：（1）不断变化的沿海人口和海平面上升将如何影响沿海水资源的可持续性，（2）如果沿海含水层从沙子或泉水中扩散排放，盐侵入的相对程度是什么，（3）盐碱化如何改变微生物群落，（4）微生物群落的这些变化是否会影响沿海含水层的水质，从而影响供水成本，以及（5）可以提出哪些战略来提高这些水资源的可持续性？ 这些问题将在两个地点得到解决：尤卡坦半岛东海岸的莫雷洛斯港泻湖，其特点是石灰岩和印度河泻湖的许多春季排放在佛罗里达东海岸，其特点是从桑迪沉积物的扩散流。 前往尤卡坦半岛的两次实地考察和前往佛罗里达的三次实地考察将收集人类人口信息，测量特大潮汐和风暴后的盐水交换情况，并测量这些事件后微生物群落和水质的变化。 这项工作将由具有多个学科专业知识的调查人员合作进行，包括城市和区域规划，沿海流体动力学，微生物生态学，和含水地球化学。非-项目的技术说明更广泛的意义和重要性面对海平面上升，沿海水资源的可持续性应取决于海水入侵沿海含水层的速度，以及水质如何随着海水入侵而变化。盐水入侵的结果以及入侵对微生物群落的影响。 该项目的结果应有助于对与沿海水资源变化有关的潜在影响进行总体规划，无论入侵的水流是源自泉水还是穿越广阔的沙地。 这项工作的实地研究都有重要的区域影响;印度河泻湖被指定为国家河口计划的国家重要河口，而莫雷洛斯港泻湖是国家公园的所在地。 这项工作的结果将通过与当地水管理区的合作纳入区域水规划。 这项工作也将直接影响在佛罗里达UF的大学，其中包括一个队列的七名教师，每个人都将支持博士生的研究新成立的计划。 这一组由本提案的PI组成，沿着还有三名在过去海平面、沿海生态系统和水处理研究方面具有专长的科学家和工程师。 该计划，从UF内部资金，将提供津贴（但没有研究资金）为一个队列的六名博士生，其中三人将直接在这个项目上的海平面上升对沿海含水层的影响的跨学科和合作研究。 除了这些研究生，至少有一名本科生将被纳入研究，通过少数民族导师计划在UF招聘发生。该项目是通过沿海SEES计划（GEO董事会）和伊势共同资助，谁慷慨赞助了国际参与的PI在thie项目。

Coastal SEES (Track 1): Planning for hydrologic and ecological impacts of sea level rise on sustainability of coastal water resourcesJonathan Martin, Andrew Ogram, Zhong-ren Peng, and Arnoldo Valle-Levinson INSTITUTION: University of FloridaTechnical Overview of the ProjectSea level is projected to rise by 1 m or more by 2100. A common concern for rapidly growing coastal communities is storm-driven inundation of coastal zones, but another subtle and potentially more critical impact will be changes to drinking water resources from salt water intrusion into aquifers along the coasts. These negative impacts from sea level rise could increase with the growth in coastal populations and their elevated demand for groundwater. Impacts will include both salinization of available water resources as well as changes to coastal ecosystems that rely on discharge of fresh water. Fresh water flows from coastal aquifers in a spectrum of ways, ranging from widely distributed discharge from sandy sediments to discharge from springs in limestone areas that contain water-filled conduits and caves. Moreover, the intrusion of salt water is likely to change the microbial communities living underground. Because these microbes are important for controlling the water chemistry, changes in the communities could also lead to a change in the water quality of the aquifers. Specific questions to be addressed with this project include: (1) how will changing coastal demographics and sea level rise impact the sustainability of coastal water resources, (2) what are the relative magnitudes of salt intrusion if coastal aquifers discharge diffusely from sand or from springs, (3) how does salinization change microbial communities, (4) will these changes in microbial communities affect the quality of water in coastal aquifers and hence the cost of water supplies, and (5) what strategies can be proposed to improve the sustainability of these water resources? These questions will be addressed in two locations: Puerto Morelos Lagoon on the east coast of the Yucatan peninsula, which is characterized by numerous spring discharges from limestone and Indian River Lagoon on the east coast of Florida, which is characterized by diffuse flow from sandy sediments. Two field trips to the Yucatan and three to Florida will allow collection of human demographic information, measurements of the exchange of salt water following extremely large tides and storms, and measurements of changes in microbial communities and water quality following these events. The work will be carried out collaboratively by investigators with expertise in multiple disciplines including urban and regional planning, coastal hydrodynamics, microbial ecology, and aqueous geochemistry.Non-technical Explanation of the Projects Broader Significance and ImportanceThe sustainability of coastal water resources in the face of rising sea levels should depend on how quickly coastal aquifers are intruded by salt water and how the water quality changes as a result of salt water intrusion and the effects on the microbial communities from that intrusion. Results from this project should aid in general planning for potential impacts related to changes in the coastal water resources, regardless of whether the intruding flow of water originates at springs or across broad areas of sand. Both of the field sites to be studied for this work have important regional impacts; Indian River Lagoon is designated an estuary of national importance by the National Estuaries Program, and Puerto Morelos Lagoon is the site of a national park. Findings from this work will be incorporated into regional water planning through collaboration with local water management districts. This work will also directly impact a newly formed program at the University of Florida UF that includes a cohort of seven faculty members, each of whom will support research of a PhD student. The cohort consists of the PIs of this proposal, along with three additional scientists and engineers with expertise in studies of past sea level, coastal ecosystems, and water treatment. This program, with internal funding from UF, will provide the stipends (but no research funding) for a cohort of six PhD students, three of whom will work directly on this project on interdisciplinary and collaborative studies of the effects of sea level rise on coastal aquifers. In addition to these graduate students, at least one undergraduate student will be integrated in the research, with recruiting occurring through the Minority Mentorship Program at UF.This project was co-funded through the Coastal SEES program (GEO Directorate) and the ISE, who generously sponsored the international participation of the PIs in thie project.