CPS: Synergy: Integrated Emergency Cyber Physical Human Systems

该项目将开发架构和支持技术，以避免在快速变化的环境中迫在眉睫的生命或财产损失。选择的应用程序是重症监护病房(ICU)的复苏，因为它是生命关键、时间关键、以人为中心的，并且包括复杂的设备和软件。例如，在创伤患者因腿部骨折出血而肺部塌陷的情况下，心脏病发作可能会被掩盖。挑战在于解决安全执行的首要困难，同时保持复杂和动态的工作流程。医务人员的可用性和技能水平、患者状况和医疗设备配置都会迅速变化。核心贡献是为紧急网络物理人类系统(ECPH)设计和验证降低复杂性的态势感知架构，并支持工作流适配协议、管理数据不确定性和安全设备即插即用等使能技术。ECPH工作流程适配协议不仅是手头任务和环境的函数，而且还必须了解医务人员的能力和培训。此外，风险缓解驱动的安全联锁协议将使医务人员和CP的行动与动态选择的工作流程保持同步。这是UIUC工程部门和Carle Foundation医院ICU部门的合作努力。ECPH团队在快速变化的环境下完成任务。ECPH系统的压力大、匆忙和通常不友好的环境意味着会出现错误、不确定性和故障。这项研究将在面对这种干扰时提供安全和弹性。由优化的ECPH系统实现的有效和即时干预将极大地减少可预防的错误。在高压力下进行有效合作将对人类生命和医疗费用产生巨大的社会影响。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心2010年的数据，仅在美国，仅心脏病发作和中风的直接和间接成本就估计为5,032亿美元；在急救期间，相当大比例的这类患者遭受了可以预防的并发症和伤害。该项目将开发培训下一代研究人员和工程师的教育材料。将开发的技术还将适用于其他类似的ECPH环境，如扑灭熊熊燃烧的建筑大火。

This project will develop architecture and supporting enabling technologies to avert imminent loss of life or property in fast changing environments. The selected application is resuscitation in an intensive care unit (ICU) because it is life critical, time critical, human-centric and includes complex devices and software. For example, heart attack can be obscured in a trauma patient hemorrhaging from a broken leg in the presence of a collapsed lung. The challenge lies in solving the overarching difficulties of safe execution while maintaining complex and dynamic workflows. The availability and skill levels of medical staff, patient conditions, and medical device configurations all change rapidly. The core contribution is design and verification of reduced complexity situation awareness architecture for Emergency Cyber Physical Human systems (ECPH), supported by enabling technologies such as workflow adaptation protocols, managing data uncertainty and safe device plug and play. The ECPH workflow adaptation protocols are not only a function of the tasks and environment at hand, but must also be aware of the capabilities and training of the medical staff. In addition, risk mitigation driven safety interlock protocols will keep the actions of medical staff and CPS in synchrony with dynamically selected workflows. This is a cooperative effort of UIUC engineering and the ICU department of Carle Foundation Hospital.An ECPH team operates to accomplish a mission under rapidly changing circumstances. The stressful, rushed, and often unfriendly environment of an ECPH system means that errors, uncertainty, and failures will arise. This research will offer safety and resilience in the face of such disruptions. Effective and immediate intervention enabled by an optimized ECPH system will dramatically reduce preventable errors. The societal impact of effective collaboration under high stress will be enormous in terms of human lives and health care costs. According to CDC in 2010, the estimated direct & indirect costs of heart attacks and strokes alone in the U.S. were $503.2 billion; a significant percent of such patients during emergency care suffer complications and harm which are preventable. This project will develop educational material for training the next generation of researchers and engineers. The technology to be developed will also be adapted to other similar ECPH environments such as fighting a raging building fire.