Operation of the CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office at UCSD/SIO, 2014-2018

概述：CLIVAR和碳水文数据办公室（CCHDO）是全深度全球海洋水文、碳和示踪数据的储存库、组装中心和分发中心。这些数据是几个国际研究计划（世界海洋环流实验（WOCE），气候变化和可预测性计划（CLIVAR），国际海洋碳协调项目（IOCCP），全球海洋船舶水文调查计划（GO-SHIP））和国家研究计划的产物-过去，现在和将来。CCHDO尽可能以三种社区格式提供这些数据：WHP-Exchange、netCDF和WOCE。CCHDO旨在确保这些数据及其相关文件已准备就绪，并随时可供立即用于研究和教育用途，并且这些数据具有较长的使用寿命。CCHDO？的主要窗口，研究界是通过其网站http://cchdo.ucsd.edu。CCHDO与指定的国家数据档案馆（如NODC/WDC-A）保持联系，以确保其所有公共馆藏都在档案馆正式存档并保持最新状态。知识优势：CCHDO汇集、验证和纠正水文和示踪数据中的内容和格式错误，这些数据用于大规模海洋碳、全球变化、水团和环流研究。该小组将数据与相关文件汇集在一起，并认真准备，以便分发和存档。此外，他们还致力于促进适当的方法，社区标准，通信和数据兼容性。CCHDO数据由全球100多个数据发起人创建，有时由5名或更多研究者分别为一个培养瓶数据文件做出贡献。CCHDO使所有数据用户能够科普这些不同来源产生的时间，内容和格式相关的文件多样性。CCHDO将数据汇集到一个共同的内容和可读性标准，从而大大减少了研究和教育数据用户遇到的困难。一个强大的额外优势是，与数据相关的文档被收集，重组为一个共同的标准（在可能的情况下），并与数据一起保存。更广泛的影响：CCHDO加强了研究基础设施，结果的广泛传播，以及研究和教育的整合。虽然CCHDO不会产生新的数据，但它使数据更好，更可用，从而更深远，最终更具科学和社会相关性。通过CCHDO？由于美国政府的行动，这些CTD、常规水文学、海洋碳和示踪海洋剖面数据的现在和未来的美国和国际用户可以很容易地使用以ASCII或netCDF交换格式编写的任何数据文件。这既降低了数据用户导入和使用数据的人员成本，又使这些数据可供研究、教育和更广泛社区中不雇用数据专家的更广泛受众使用。此外，将文件与数据仔细组合有助于确保数据在遥远的未来仍有使用寿命，有助于今后对海洋长期变异性进行广泛的研究。数据的清理和重写成可接受的数据格式也使数据更容易导入计算机模型。CCHDO支持CLIVAR和碳科学计划，是物理气候和二氧化碳系统全球观测系统的数据组成部分。因此，CCHDO是更大的国际海洋监测努力的一部分？应对气候变化。民政事务专员办事处贯彻一个基本概念，就是所收集的数据属于社会，并应供社会大众查阅。

Overview: The CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office (CCHDO) is the repository, assembly center, and distribution center for full-depth global ocean hydrographic, carbon, and tracer data. These data are a product of several international research programs (the World Ocean circulation experiment (WOCE), the CLImate VARiability and predictability program (CLIVAR), the International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project (IOCCP), the Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP)), and national research programs - past, present and to come. Whenever possible the CCHDO provides these data in three community formats: WHP-Exchange, netCDF, and WOCE. The CCHDO seeks to assure that these data and their associated documentation are prepared and made readily available for immediate research and education uses, and that these data have a long service life. The CCHDO?s primary window to the research community is via its web site http://cchdo.ucsd.edu. The CCHDO maintains ties with designated national data archives like NODC/WDC-A to see that the entirety of its public holdings is formally archived and up to date at the archive.Intellectual Merit: The CCHDO brings together, verifies, and corrects content and format errors in the hydrographic, and tracer data used in large scale ocean carbon, global change, water mass, and circulation studies. The team assembles the data with relevant documentation, and carefully prepares them for dissemination and archive. In addition they work to promote appropriate methodology, community standards, communications, and data compatibility. The CCHDO data are created by over 100 data originators worldwide, sometimes with 5 or more investigators separately contributing to one bottle data file. The CCHDO makes it possible for all data users to cope with the temporal-, content-, and format-related file diversity these different originators engender. The CCHDO brings data together to a common content and readability standard, thereby greatly reducing the difficulties research and education data users encounter. A strong additional advantage is that the documentation associated with the data are collected, reorganized to a common standard (where possible), and preserved with the data.Broader Impacts: The CCHDO enhances research infrastructure, the broad dissemination of results, and the integration of research and education. While the CCHDO does not generate new data, it makes the data better and more usable, thus more far reaching and ultimately more scientifically and socially relevant. Via the CCHDO?s actions, present-day and future US and international users of these CTD, routine hydrography, ocean carbon, and tracer ocean profile data can easily use any of the data files written in the ASCII or netCDF exchange formats. This both reduces the personnel costs to data users to import and use data and also makes these data available to a much wider audience in the research, educational, and broader communities who do not employ data specialists. Moreover, the careful assembly of documentation with the data helps to assure a service lifetime for the data far into the future, contributing to a broad range of future studies of long-term ocean variability. The clean-up of the data and rewriting into accepted data formats also make the data much more straightforward to import into computer models. The CCHDO supports CLIVAR and carbon science programs, and is a data component of a global observing system for the physical climate and carbon dioxide system. The CCHDO is hence part of a larger international effort to monitor the ocean?s response to climate change. The CCHDO puts into play the fundamental concept that data collected belong to the community, and should be available to the community at large.