Bioinspired Glycomaterials from Lipid and Polymer Tehalose Conjugates

非技术性：该奖项由材料研究部的生物材料计划授予俄亥俄州立大学，该奖项专注于一个基本的表面科学问题，但有可能生产出新的生物灵感材料，用于治疗输送、组织和器官的低温保存以及敏感生物活性分子的稳定。一种有效的组织和器官冷冻保护剂的发现将满足重大的医疗需求，使器官能够更长时间地储存用于移植。此外，虽然有大量的生物医学研究来开发新的治疗方法，但许多这些试剂(生物制剂、脂质体)必须静脉给药，不能作为粉末或在室温下储存。这极大地限制了它们在发展中国家的应用，在这些国家，现代冷藏设施并不广泛可用或不可靠。海藻糖生物材料的生产可以使敏感药物稳定在广泛的环境条件下(高温、低水合、冻干状态)，这将为发展中国家的社区带来巨大的好处。现代疗法覆盖范围的扩大可能会对第一世界以外的许多社会产生深远而持久的影响。技术：拟议研究计划的一个长期目标是阐明海藻糖衍生的两亲分子的组装和生物物理性质。本应用的目的是确定海藻糖无水生物保护的结构决定因素。将合成和表征使用海藻糖作为脂类和聚合物两亲系统的亲水成分的组装体。这一提议的中心假设是，表面显示海藻糖的合成组装体在无水生物条件下将表现出显着的稳定性。这一假说的基本原理是基于以下发现：合成的海藻糖功能化脂质和脂聚合物可以在支撑的脂双层(SLB)和囊泡双层(SLB)的背景下保护脂双层免受风干和冷冻干燥的影响。这些新的海藻糖材料预计将展示出简单的两亲性组装以外的功能，赋予海藻糖对合成材料的无水生物和低温保护性能。在这个项目的过程中，本科生和研究生将接受化学合成和材料表征方面的培训，并为他们进入化学和工程科学的劳动力市场做好准备，拥有处理新材料的经验。

Nontechnical: This award by the Biomaterials Program in the Division of Materials Research to Ohio State University is focused on a fundamental surface science question, yet has the potential to produce new bioinspired materials for therapeutic delivery, cryogenic preservation of tissues and organs and stabilization of sensitive bioactive molecules. The discovery of an efficient tissue and organ cryoprotectant would serve a major medical need, allowing longer term storage of organs for transplant. Furthermore, while considerable biomedical research to develop new therapeutics, many of these reagents (biologics, liposomes) must be administered intravenously and can't be stored as a powder or at room temperature. This greatly limits their application in developing countries where modern cold storage facilities are not widely available or reliable. The production of a trehalose biomaterial that could stabilize sensitive pharmaceuticals to a wide range of environmental conditions (heat, low hydration, freeze-dried state) would be of tremendous benefit to communities in developing countries. This expansion of the reach of modern therapeutics could have a deep and lasting impact on many societies outside the first world. Technical: A long term goal of the proposed research program is the elucidation of assembly and biophysical properties of trehalose-derived amphiphiles. The objective of this application is to ascertain the structural determinants of trehalose anhydrobiotic protection. Assemblies will be synthesized and characterized that use trehalose as the hydrophilic component of lipid and polymer amphiphilic systems. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that synthetic assemblies that surface display trehalose will exhibit remarkable stability under anhydrobiotic conditions. The rationale for this hypothesis is based on the finding that synthetic trehalose-functionalized lipids and lipid-polymers can protect lipid bilayers against air-drying and freeze-drying in the context of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) and vesicular bilayers. These new trehalose materials are predicted to exhibit function beyond simple amphiphilic assembly, conferring the anhydrobiotic and cryogenic protective properties of trehalose to the synthetic material. In the course of this project, students at the undergraduate and graduate levels will be trained in chemical synthesis and materials characterization, and preparing them to enter the workforce in chemical and engineering sciences with experience working with novel materials.