Contextual Influences on Ethnic/Racial Identity

美国人口的民族和种族结构发生了巨大变化。美国人口普查报告称，美国大多数儿童现在都是少数民族。到2043年，预计美国总人口中将有少数族裔占多数。因此，对民族/种族认同的研究具有重要意义。民族/种族认同是少数民族青年发展的一个核心方面，特别是在青春期和成年初期，它促进了遭受种族歧视和其他压力的青年取得积极成果。在某些情况下，强烈的民族/种族身份可以缓冲青少年的负面生活事件。需要考虑的一个重要问题是每个民族/种族群体的独特经历与群体之间的共性。关于生物、家庭、学校、社区和社会环境如何随着时间的推移塑造民族/种族身份的发展和内容的研究也很有限。例如，与中西部或东北部相比，西南地区的西班牙裔青少年的民族/种族认同发展有何不同？讲习班将解决以下三个目标：(a)审查和讨论背景如何随着时间的推移影响族裔/种族认同的研究，(b)确定生物、家庭、学校、社区和社会背景如何影响族裔/种族认同的发展和内容，以及(c)确定主流族裔/种族认同理论未能解释背景对族裔/种族认同的影响的方式。研讨会的参与者是一个跨学科的团体，包括心理学、社会学、教育学、政治学、公共卫生和基因组学的学者。工作组代表了所研究的发育时期（即童年、青春期、成年初显期和青年期）、所研究的种族/民族人口（即非洲裔美国人、拉丁裔美国人、亚裔美国人和印第安人）和方法方法的多样性。工作组成员本身也是不同种族的。研讨会将促成新的合作，并为了解少数民族青年的发展提供重要的新见解。

The ethnic and racial demography of the U.S. population has changed tremendously. The U.S. Census reports that a majority of children in the United States are now racial/ethnic minorities. By 2043, the general American population is projected to include an ethnic minority-majority. Accordingly, research on ethnic/racial identity has taken on critical significance. Ethnic/racial identity is a central aspect of the development of ethnic minority youth, especially during adolescence and young adulthood, and promotes positive outcomes among youth who have been exposed to racial discrimination and other stressors. In some cases, a strong ethnic/racial identity can buffer youth from negative life events. One important issue for consideration is the unique experiences of each ethnic/racial group versus commonalities across groups. There has also been limited research on how biological, family, school, neighborhood and societal contexts shape the development and content of ethnic/racial identity over time. For example, how does ethnic/racial identity develop differently for a Hispanic adolescent in the Southwest compared to the Midwest or the Northeast? The workshop will address the following three goals: (a) to examine and discuss research on how contexts influence ethnic/racial identity over time, (b) to identify how biological, family, school, neighborhood and societal contexts influence the development and content of ethnic/racial identity, and (c) to identity ways that prevailing theories of ethnic/racial identity fail to account for the effects of context on ethnic/racial identity. The workshop participants are an interdisciplinary group including Psychology, Sociology, Education, Political Science, Public Health and Genomics scholars. The workgroup represents diversity in developmental period studied (i.e., childhood, adolescence, emerging adulthood, and young adulthood), racial/ethnic population studied (i.e., African American, Latino, Asian American and Native American), and methodological approach. The workgroup members are also ethnically diverse themselves. The workshop will result in new collaborations and significant new insights into understanding minority youth development.