MRI: Development of a Versatile, Self-Configuring Turbulent Flow Condition System for a Shared-Use Hybrid Low-Speed Wind Tunnel

核磁共振成像：发展仪器以推进模拟地球表面复杂风流的基础研究边界层风洞是创造动态风流的重要研究工具，可以复制地球附近风的自然行为。年代的表面。这种气流被应用到建筑物和其他结构的模型中，以确定它们的预期性能，并设计它们以抵御极端风事件。在实验室里精确地复制自然风是很重要的。方法和设备取决于风力条件（龙卷风、飓风、雷暴等）和被研究对象的地理位置（靠近海岸、在郊区社区等）。目前的风洞设施在这方面是有限的，每一个都能解决风现象的一小部分。该奖项支持一种仪器的开发，该仪器极大地扩展了单个设施的能力，可以研究自然界中观察到的各种风况，并评估它们如何影响建筑和自然环境。这种能力将加快发现的速度，并为解决弹性基础设施发展中的问题开辟道路。其他应用包括污染物扩散研究、风能资源选址、生物力学、人类对危险的感知以及微型飞行器的开发。该项目的参与者来自五大洲。因此，该仪器的开发将通过实现边界层风洞技术的突破来增强美国的竞争力，同时加强在影响整个人口稠密世界的风害问题上的国际合作。目标是开发一种能够模拟非平稳、非中性或过渡表面流动的仪器。例子包括流入陆地环境的近海飓风、雷暴中的非静止阵风锋、高空剪切运动引起的瞬态相干结构以及风驱动的降雨。该仪器将指挥静态和动态控制装置自动重新配置，以实现用户指定的相似性要求，如非单调剖面、空间可变功率谱和积分长度尺度、瞬态阵风和流场中的雨携。这些控制装置必须串联工作（一级条件下一级），以实现仪器的预期功能。该仪器包括根据现有概念验证研究和待开发的新技术改编的组件。该仪器的开发框架是传统的边界层风洞设计，其目标是创建一种适合在全球设施中实施的工具。

MRI: Develop Inastrumentation to Advance Fundamental Research on Simulating Complex Wind Flow Near the Earth's SurfaceThe boundary layer wind tunnel is an essential research tool for creating dynamic wind flow that replicates the natural behavior of wind near the Earth?s surface. This wind flow is applied to models of buildings and other structures to determine their expected performance and to design them to survive extreme wind events. The accurate replication of natural wind in a laboratory is not trivial. The methods and equipment vary depending upon the wind condition (tornadoes, hurricanes, thunderstorms, etc.), and the geographic location of the object being studied (near the coast, in a suburban community, etc.). Current wind tunnel facilities are limited in this regard, each capable of addressing a small subset of wind phenomena. This award supports the development of an instrument that vastly expands the capability of a single facility to study a wide range of wind conditions observed in nature and assess how they affect the built and natural environments. This capability will accelerate the rate of discovery and open pathways to solving problems in the development of resilient infrastructure. Other applications include the study of pollutant dispersion, siting of wind energy resources, biomechanics, human perception of hazards, and micro aerial vehicle development. The project includes participants from five continents. Thus the development of this instrument will strengthen US competitiveness by enabling a breakthrough in boundary layer wind tunnel technology, while enhancing international collaboration on wind hazard issues that impact the entire populated world.The objective is to develop an instrument capable of simulating nonstationary, non-neutral or transitioning surface flows. Examples include offshore hurricane winds flowing into a terrestrial environment, non-stationary gust fronts in thunderstorms, transient coherent structures induced by the shearing motion aloft and wind-driven rain. The instrument will command static and dynamic control devices that automatically reconfigure to achieve user-specified similarity requirements such as non-monotonic profiles, spatially variable power spectra and integral length scales, transient gusts, and rain entrainment in the flow field. These control devices must work in series (one stage conditions the next) to achieve the intended function of the instrument. The instrument includes components adapted from existing proof-of-concept studies and new technology to be developed. The framework on which the instrument is to be developed is a conventional boundary layer wind tunnel design, as a goal is to create a tool suitable for implementation in facilities worldwide.