Workshop: The Emerging Policy and Ethics of Human Robot Interaction; Portland, Oregon - March, 2015

本次研讨会旨在将多个利益相关者团体聚集在一起，以预测和解决与人类社会环境中机器人相关的重大规范、法律和政策问题。在不久的将来，这样的机器人可能会对日常生活产生重大影响，这意味着现在是社会科学和机器人研究人员、行业领袖和政府专家开始为即将到来的新时代起草道德和政策指导方针的时候了。这次讲习班的主要目标是以一种平衡的、综合的方式来促进相互教育和接地气。预期的产品是专业社区的工作共识文档，将被广泛共享。受邀的小组成员将包括资深女性和其他代表性不足的群体，包括残疾工程师。来自代表性不足群体的学生将被鼓励通过旅行补助参加。这次活动的公民新闻将通过现场推特来实现，远程参与者的问题将被回答，以使更广泛的参与。研讨会将集中讨论人机交互背景下与政策和伦理问题高度相关的几个主题；关键主题包括医疗保健、形态学和自主性。在医疗保健方面，机器人被部署在弱势群体的治疗环境中；例如，帮助治疗患有发育障碍的儿童，鼓励老年人的亲社会行为，并帮助人们完成日常生活任务，如洗澡、操作、移动。这种使用引起了对客户隐私和人类照顾者流离失所的重大关切。在形态学方面，人们担心越来越多的拟人化机器人不仅向人们传达了对机器人能力的不准确期望，而且在治疗弱势群体时也可能是不道德的；有认知障碍的人可能容易受到心理操纵，比如利用情感依恋来欺骗用户。在自主性方面，将控制权移交给机器人会给设计者带来道德和政策考虑的负担。因此，通过保险（例如）对责任和风险的管理将需要重新调整。

General Audience SummaryThis workshop aims to bring together multiple stakeholder groups to anticipate and grapple with significant normative, legal, and policy questions concerning robots in human social environments. Such robots are likely to have substantial impacts on daily life in the near future, meaning that now is the time for researchers in the social sciences and robotics, industry leaders, and government experts to begin drafting ethical and policy guidelines for a new era that is on the horizon. The primary goal of this workshop is to do so in a balanced, integrative way that serves to promote mutual education and grounding. The expected product is a working consensus document for the professional community that will be shared broadly. Invited panelists will include senior women and others from underrepresented groups, including engineers with disabilities. Students from underrepresented groups will be encouraged to participate through travel grants. Citizen journalism of the event will be implemented by live tweeting, and questions from remote participants will be fielded, to enable even more widespread participation.Technical Summary The workshop will focus on several topics of high relevance concerning policy and ethical issues within the context of human-robot interaction; key topics include healthcare, morphology, and autonomy. With regards to healthcare, robots are deployed in therapeutic settings with vulnerable populations; for example, to help treat children with developmental disabilities, to encourage pro-social behavior among older adults, and to assist people with daily living tasks, such as bathing, manipulation, mobility. Such uses raise substantial concerns regarding client privacy and human caregiver displacement. With regards to morphology, there are concerns that increasingly anthropomorphic robots not only convey inaccurate expectations to people about robot capabilities, but may also be unethical when treating vulnerable populations; people with cognitive disabilities may be vulnerable to psychological manipulation, such as exploiting emotional attachments to swindle users. With regards to autonomy, control handoff to robots puts the burden of ethical and policy considerations on designers. As a result, the management of liability and risk via insurance (for example) would need to be re-calibrated.