UNS: The role of wave dynamics and of tri-leafleted valves in microflows

1511414(Gharib)这项建议是关于了解昆虫呼吸的机制。这是一个微流体学和生物启发流体动力学相结合的项目，可能会导致微流体网络泵的开发，就像人们在计算机芯片上放置微型实验室时所使用的泵一样。他们提出了理论和复杂的实验。目标是研究生活在水下的蜻蜓若虫周围的生物流动环境，这种蜻蜓若虫似乎是通过在它们的身体中产生传播波，并通过其肛门的运动来控制它们身体周围的流动来呼吸的。其目的是(1)阐明波在呼吸流产生中的作用，以及(2)研究三叶肛门如何控制呼气和吸气流。建议同时测量四个参数：后肠腔壁的运动学、肛门的运动学和腔室内外的流动。将开发理论来描述这一过程，以蜻蜓尾巴和中段之间的内波运动为中心。将在Argonne National Labs进行涉及同步辐射X射线成像的复杂实验，以可视化蜻蜓幼虫的内部流动，同时将进行粒子图像测速(PIV)实验以检查外部流动。若虫的泵可以看作是一种生物零净质量流量(ZNMF)泵，这项工作的结果可以指导设计具有更好的流量产生和流量控制的ZNMF泵。有一些活动旨在接触加州大学洛杉矶分校的社区学校，那里的学生大多是贫困的第一代大学生。PI将继续制作与研究相关的广告，这些广告以YouTube视频的形式出现，覆盖数十万人。

1511414(Gharib)This proposal is about understanding the mechanism by which insects breath. This is a project at the interface of microfluidics and bio-inspired fluid dynamics that could lead to the development of pumps for microfluidic networks, like those utilized when one places a miniature laboratory on a computer chip. Both theory and sophisticated experiments are proposed.The goal is to investigate the bioflow environment around dragonfly nymphs that live underwater and seem to breath by generating a propagating wave through their body and by controlling the flow around their body with motion of their anal valve. The goals are to (1) elucidate the role of the wave in respiratory flow generation, and (2) study how the tri-leafleted anal valve controls the exhalatory and inhalatory flow. It is proposed to simultaneously measure four parameters: the kinematics of the hindgut chamber wall, the kinematics of the anal valve, and the flow inside and outside the chamber. Theory will be developed to describe this process, centered on the movement of internal waves between the tail and the midsection of the dragonfly. Sophisticated experiments involving Synchrotron X-Ray imaging at Argonne National Labs to visualize the internal flow in dragonfly larvae will be performed, while Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiments will be conducted to examine the external flow. The nymph's pump can be viewed as a biological zero net mass flux (ZNMF) pump and results from the proposed work could lead to the design of ZNMF pumps with better flow generation and flow control. There are activities designed to reach out to the UCLA Community School, whose students are mostly underprivileged, first-generation college students. The PI will continue the production of research related spots that appear as YouTube videos reaching out to hundreds of thousands of people.