Environmental Health Governance in Six Cities: How Scientific Cultures, Practices and Infrastructure Shape Governance Styles

观众概述本项目将致力于了解和解决六个城市长期暴露于与交通相关的空气污染对健康的影响：奥尔巴尼、纽约市、费城、休斯顿、北京和班加卢拉。在每个被研究的城市，项目研究人员将检查科学在四个治理领域的运作和使用：环境、卫生、交通和教育。他们将探索这些不同领域是如何相互联系的，他们将绘制用于治理的科学证据的来源，如何评估这些来源，并将其转化为政策和规划。他们还将记录和分析产生用于治理的发现的科学基础设施，参与解释科学发现的利益攸关方的多样性，以及在不同环境中塑造科学知识创造和使用的不同文化逻辑。民族志访谈将是数据收集的主要手段，并辅之以对科学出版物、政策辩论和媒体报道的分析。该项目的最后阶段将产生一些建议，这些建议将在该项目研究的所有城市和国家的政策制定者、记者和其他利益攸关方中积极传播。项目成果也将被转化为K-本科学生的课程，使用RPI生态教育研究小组开发的技术和基础设施。这个项目是正在进行的项目-哮喘文件项目的创新扩展。为正在进行的项目建立的数字平台将支持参与新项目的研究人员(包括学生研究人员)之间的合作。此外，每个城市将有一所实地学校向学生传授该项目的方法。该项目的目的是促进对在治理中发展和使用科学能力的不同方式的理解，审查环境健康研究和治理是如何发展的。该项目将产生一个理论上可靠的、基于经验的环境健康研究和治理方式的概念，详细说明和分类开发环境健康数据的不同方式，促进环境和健康科学的发展，并将这些导向复杂问题的治理。它将通过解决科学文化、实践和基础设施如何塑造治理过程和结果来扩展治理的理论化；它将测试和稳定支持科学社会研究中的协作研究所需的过程和网络基础设施。项目成果将对改善治理制度之间(跨规模和国家之间)合作的努力产生广泛影响；这种合作在解决复杂的、往往是跨国界的问题方面尤其重要，如空气污染，这需要更高水平的合作和共享技术、数据和有效的政策设计。

General Audience Summary This project will focus on efforts to understand and address the health effects of long term exposure to transportation-related air pollution in six cities: Albany, New York City, Philadelphia, Houston, Beijing, and Bengalura. In each city studied, project researchers will examine the operation and use of science in four arenas of governance: environment, health, transportation and education. They will explore how these different arenas interrelate, and they will map the sources of scientific evidence used in governance, how these sources are evaluated, and translated into policy and programming. They will also document and analyze the scientific infrastructures that produced the findings used in governance, the diversity of stakeholders involved in interpreting scientific findings, and diverse cultural logics that shape the creation and use of scientific knowledge in different settings. Ethnographic interviews will be the primary means of data collection, supplemented by analyses of scientific publications, policy debates, and media coverage. The final stage of the project will result in recommendations that will be actively disseminated among policy makers, journalists and other stakeholders in all cities and countries studied in the project. Project results will also be translated into curriculum for K-undergraduate students, using the techniques and infrastructure developed by RPI's EcoEd Research Group.Technical Summary This project is an innovative extension of an ongoing project, The Asthma Files project. The digital platform built for the ongoing project will support collaboration among researchers (including student researchers) involved in the new project. In addition, there will be in each city a field school to teach the project's methods to students. The aim of the project is to advance understanding of different ways scientific capacity is developed and used in governance, examining how environmental health research and governance has developed. The project will result in a theoretically robust, empirically grounded conception of environmental health research and governance styles, detailing and categorizing different ways of developing environmental health data, advancing the sciences of environment and health, and directing these toward governance of complex problems. It will extend theorization of governance by addressing how scientific cultures, practices, and infrastructure shape governance processes and outcomes; and it will test and stabilize the process and cyberinfrastructure needed to support collaborative research in the social studies of science. Project results will have wide implications in efforts to improve collaboration between governance regimes (across scale, and between nations); such collaboration is particularly important in addressing complex, often trans-boundary problems like air pollution, which call for new levels of cooperation and sharing of technology, data, and effective policy design.