Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: An Integrative Approach To Examining Migration, Community Interaction And Social Diversity

过去和现在的迁徙从根本上影响着人类互动、社区建设和社会演变。大规模人口流动与当今全球流动的社会特别相关，因为气候驱动的移徙的影响继续在国际对话中占据优先地位。虽然人类学家长期以来一直对迁徙和大规模社会变革之间的关系感兴趣，但很少有人考虑到个体代理人的行动和生活塑造这些广泛的社会运动的方式的多样性。不同的移民如何对他们新的社会和政治环境做出不同的反应，他们的反应又如何塑造新的社会和政治变革？考古学特别适合提供洞察力，因为它可以在研究跨越数百年甚至数千年的史前迁徙时，结合当今人类流动性和人口互动增加的长期影响。利用创新的生物地球化学分析，该项目探讨了由居住在史前中南部安第斯山脉内的不同个体的行动所引发的长期社会变革。这项研究将在秘鲁南部莫夸加山谷的Omo M10遗址进行。Omo M10是早期扩张的提瓦纳库(公元700-1050年)国家建立的殖民地系统的中心，标志着同时代的提瓦纳库、瓦里和沿海政治之间独特的互动区域。这项跨学科的研究将使用生物考古(死亡时的性别和年龄估计、古病理学、颅骨改造做法、饮食和葬礼仪式)和生物地球化学(同位素分析)证据来重建埋葬在Omo M10的几个移民群体的居住流动性和社区从属关系。对152个人的多种牙齿和骨骼元素的同位素分析将使该项目能够重建这些人一生中的居住流动性。这种精细的时间控制是通过传统的考古证据无法获得的。研究人员将对一群秘鲁和美国的本科生进行跨学科生物地球化学和骨学方法的培训，促进未来的国际合作，并为未被充分代表的群体参与科学做出贡献。这个项目将极大地改变人们对南美早期复杂政治的当前理解。此外，所采用的创新的跨学科方法为未来的研究人员提供了必要的工具，以确定个别行为者在大规模和长期社会变革中的重要性。

Migrations, past and present, fundamentally influence human interaction, community building, and social evolution. Large scale population movement is particularly pertinent to today's globally mobile society as the effects of climate-driven migrations continue to gain precedence in international dialogues. While anthropologists have long been interested in relationships between episodes of migration and large social transformations, few have considered the diversity of ways the actions and lives of individual agents shape these broad social movements. How do diverse migrants differentially respond to their new social and political environments, and how do their responses in turn shape new social and political transformations? Archaeology is particularly well placed to provide insight because it can contextualize the long-term effects of increasing human mobility and population interaction today in the study of prehistoric migrations spanning over hundreds or even thousands of years. Using innovative biogeochemical analyses, this project addresses the long-term social transformations triggered by the actions of diverse individuals living within the prehistoric south central Andes. The research will be conducted at the site of Omo M10 in the Moquegua Valley of southern Peru. Omo M10 was at the center of a system of colonies established by the early expansive Tiwanaku (AD 700-1050) state and marks a unique region of interaction between contemporaneous Tiwanaku, Wari, and coastal polities. This interdisciplinary research will use bioarchaeological (sex and age at death estimates, paleopathology, cranial modification practices, diet, and funerary rituals) and biogeochemical (isotopic analyses) evidence to reconstruct the residential mobility and community affiliations of several migrant groups interred at Omo M10. The isotopic analysis of multiple dental and skeletal elements from each of 152 individuals will allow this project to reconstruct the residential mobility of these individuals throughout their lives. This fine-grained temporal control is inaccessible through traditional lines of archaeological evidence. The researchers will result in the training of a group of Peruvian and American undergraduate university students in the interdisciplinary biogeochemical and osteological methods employed, promoting future international collaborations and contributing to the participation of underrepresented groups in science. This project will significantly alter current understandings of early South American complex polities. Further, the innovative interdisciplinary approach employed provides future researchers with the tools necessary to identify the significance of individual actors in large scale and long-term social transformations.