Collaborative Research: A Bioarchaeological Approach to Identity in the Middle Horizon to Late Intermediate Period Transition in San Pedro de Atacama, Chile

首席研究员克里斯蒂娜·托雷斯·鲁夫 (Christina Torres-Rouff) 和凯利·J·克努森 (Kelly J. Knudson) 将研究公元 750 年至 1470 年之间的不稳定时期，智利北部圣佩德罗德阿塔卡马绿洲的文化和生物身份之间的复杂关系。在此期间，生活在智利北部阿塔卡马沙漠的人们经历了一个有影响力的外国国家的崩溃、贫困、环境恶化以及附近文化独特群体的出现，所有这些都可能影响了身份在身体和坟墓中的描绘方式。拟议研究的目标是利用综合性和多学科的方法，调查在这场动荡的史前过渡期间阿塔卡梅诺身份的构建、预测和操纵。该研究项目将在三个季节的数据收集过程中解决这些问题，这些数据来自智利圣佩德罗·德·阿塔卡马的考古博物馆 R.P. Le Paige 的 1,224 具骨骼遗骸及其相关的太平间环境，以及生物考古和生物地球化学美国科罗拉多学院和亚利桑那州立大学的实验室和统计分析。考虑到样本的规模和深度，拟议的研究将对身份研究做出实质性贡献，并推进生物考古学和考古化学的方法论调查。该研究项目的更广泛影响包括对北美和南美本科生和研究生的培训，以及研究和教育的更广泛整合，使学生能够充分了解研究过程，从问题提出到数据收集，再到分析和解释，然后他们可以将其应用到自己的项目中。通过探索文化身份被用来创造区别的方式，考古学和体质人类学可以找到与经历社会不稳定、环境破坏和宗派暴力的社会的当代相关性。最后，首席研究员致力于将多样性纳入他们的教育和研究项目。两名女性首席研究员（其中一名是少数民族）的存在以及智利和北美学生的加入将有助于创建一个反映全球人口的科学界。

Principal Investigators Christina Torres-Rouff and Kelly J. Knudson will examine the complex relationships between cultural and biological identity in the San Pedro de Atacama oasis of northern Chile during the unstable time between AD 750-1470. In the course of this period, individuals living in northern Chile's Atacama Desert endured the collapse of an influential foreign state, poverty, environmental decline, and the appearance of a culturally distinct group nearby, all of which may have affected how identity was portrayed in the body and the grave. The goal of the proposed research is to investigate the construction, projection, and manipulation of Atacameno identity during this tumultuous prehistoric transition using an integrative and multidisciplinary approach.This research project will address these issues during three seasons of data collection from 1,224 skeletal remains and their associated mortuary context housed at the Museo Arqueologico R.P. Le Paige in San Pedro de Atacama, Chile and bioarchaeological and biogeochemical laboratory and statistical analyses at Colorado College and Arizona State University in the United States. Given the size and depth of the sample, the proposed research will make substantive contributions to studies of identity, as well as advance methodological inquiries in bioarchaeology and archaeological chemistry. The broader impacts of this research project include the training of North and South American undergraduate and graduate students and a more general integration of research and education such that students will gain a full understanding of the research process, from problem formulation to data collection to analysis and interpretation, which they can subsequently apply to their own projects. By exploring the ways that cultural identity is used to create distinction, archaeology and physical anthropology can find contemporary relevance for societies experiencing social instability, environmental disruption and sectarian violence. Finally, the Principal Investigators are committed to integrating diversity into their education and research programs. The presence of two female Principal Investigators, one of whom is a minority, and the inclusion of both Chilean and North American students will help create a scientific community that reflects the global population.