Dating Couple Aggression: Using Mobile Technology to Assess Emotions, Vocalizations, and Physiology

约会对象之间的攻击是一个严重的社会、健康和刑事司法问题，影响到许多人，特别是青少年和青年。虽然人们通常认为这是一种代代相传的现象，但在一个好斗的家庭中长大并不一定会导致好斗的恋爱关系。确定与年轻人约会攻击的适应力和风险相关的因素是制定有效和有针对性的教育和干预计划的重要一步。之前的研究大多集中在静态的个人特征上，以确定谁有约会攻击性的风险。然而，本研究关注的是个体、情境和情绪调节过程之间的动态相互作用，因为它们是实时展开的。指导本研究的冲突敏感化理论认为，当个体同时经历生理唤醒和行为和情绪敏感时，冲突就会升级。年轻的恋爱情侣相对来说不太熟悉处理恋爱冲突的挑战。因此，它们提供了一个绝佳的机会来理解冲突是如何在日常互动中引发的，并将冲突模式与早期的家庭关系联系起来。这项研究将约会攻击的研究从实验室带到了现实世界，生态有效的家庭环境中，从而推动了科学的发展。该研究调查了约会对象之间的日常互动，以及个人如何通过行为、生理、情感和声音过程进行调整和适应，这一过程被称为“自我调节”。这一过程在约会夫妇的家庭环境中会有所不同，因为这是关系压力自然发生变化的结果。这些措施捕获了与夫妇愤怒和冲突时间相关的监管过程，允许对负面升级周期的开始阶段进行评估。智能手机技术被用来捕捉对伴侣的活动、情绪、言语、声音编码的唤醒和身体接近度的瞬间评估。移动医疗技术通过测量皮肤电导和心率来评估生理唤醒。利用多模态前沿方法在夫妻自然环境中收集数据，本研究可能为了解监管系统如何在伴侣内部和伴侣之间实时联系提供新的见解。这项研究还将对攻击性如何影响调节过程以及如何减少约会攻击性产生新的见解。

Aggression between dating partners is a serious societal, health, and criminal justice problem that affects many persons, particularly adolescents and young adults. Although often understood as a phenomenon that is transmitted across generations, growing up in an aggressive household does not necessarily lead to aggressive romantic relationships. Identifying factors associated with resilience versus risk for young adult dating aggression is an important step for developing effective and targeted educational and intervention programs. Much of the prior research focuses on static individual characteristics to identify who is at risk for dating aggression. However, this study focuses on the dynamic interplay between individual, contextual and emotion regulation processes as they unfold in real time. Conflict sensitization theories, which guide this study, propose that conflict can be escalated when individuals experience both heightened physiological arousal and behavioral and emotional sensitivity. Young adult dating couples are relatively unfamiliar with the challenges of handling conflict in romantic relationships. Therefore they offer a prime opportunity for understanding how conflict is triggered in everyday interactions and for linking conflict patterns to earlier family relationships. This study advances science by taking the study of dating aggression out of the laboratory and into real-world, ecologically-valid home environments. The study examines everyday interactions between dating partners, and how individuals adjust and adapt, a process called "self-regulation," via behavioral, physiological, emotional, and vocal processes. Such processes will vary in dating couples' home environments as a function of naturally-occurring changes in relationship stress. These measures capture regulatory processes that will be time-linked to couple irritation and conflict, allowing for the assessment of the beginning phases of negative escalation cycles. Smartphone technology is used to capture momentary assessment of partners' activities, emotions, spoken words, vocally encoded arousal, and physical proximity. Mobile health technologies assess physiological arousal through measurements of skin conductance and heart rate. Using multi-modal cutting-edge methodologies for data collection in couples' naturalistic environment, this research may provide new insights into how regulatory systems are linked in real time within and across partners. The research will also yield new insights about how aggression affects regulatory processes, and how dating aggression can be reduced.