CRISP Type 2/Collaborative Research: Coordinated, Behaviorally-Aware Recovery for Transportation and Power Disruptions (CBAR-tpd)

该项目将制定一种方法，在相互依赖的电力和运输系统发生破坏性事件后协调恢复基础设施服务。这种方法在基础设施的物理方面的恢复中适应行为。这种适应性没有得到很好的理解，也没有与当前的恢复计划相结合。通过更好地理解适应性行为及其对不同基础设施的依赖，并协调这些基础设施之间的恢复，这样的框架可以帮助家庭更快地恢复生产活动。例如，如果员工无法通勤，他们可以在电力充足的情况下远程工作。这种恢复基础设施的方法有可能大大提高灾后恢复生产性日常生活的效率。如果基础设施的恢复得到协调，并以实际需求为重点，恢复也可能更具成本效益。为了帮助实现这些好处，该项目的土木工程师、社会科学家和计算机科学家团队将通过与联邦应急管理局、州应急管理机构、运输当局和电力公司举行的面向从业者的研讨会来传达研究成果。为弗吉尼亚理工大学工程多样性增强中心和密歇根大学底特律地区大学预科工程项目开发的多学科方法和推广活动将有助于扩大代表性不足群体的研究参与，并吸引新的学生进入各自的领域。从技术上讲，该项目的目标包括：开发改进的方法来收集、分析和存档推文和网页，并与从官方或专业来源收集的数据相结合，以支持了解行为与电力和交通基础设施中断之间的相互作用；通过活动日记收集新数据，其中包括适应和使用技术；确定有关基础设施中断的信息的性质以及个人处理这些信息的方式如何影响对中断的反应和首选权衡；确定这些行为适应如何诱发或放大交通和电力系统之间的替代相互依赖关系；制定在基础设施之间进行协调并考虑适应的恢复战略。为了实现这些目标，该研究将使用社交媒体、官方公用事业和交通信息以及活动小组调查来开发行为和基础设施中断模型，这些模型将使用优化和基于代理的建模来提供协调的、行为感知的电力和交通恢复模型。项目团队的方法特别检查了追求替代方法来完成活动目标的个人的适应性，以及在中断期间由于这种适应性而导致的电力和交通基础设施之间的相互依赖性。该方法应用于一个大都市地区的案例研究。

This project will develop an approach for coordinated restoration of infrastructure services following disruptive events in interdependent power and transportation systems. This approach accommodates behavior adaptation in the recovery of physical aspects of infrastructure. This adaptation is not well understood or integrated with current restoration plans. By better understanding adaptive behaviors and their dependence on different infrastructures and coordinating recovery across these infrastructures, such a framework can help households return to productive activities faster. For instance, if employees cannot commute, they may work remotely if power is available. This approach to infrastructure restoration has the potential to substantially improve the efficiency of post-disaster return to productive daily life. If infrastructure recovery is coordinated and focuses on actual needs, restoration also may be more cost effective. To help realize these benefits, the project's team of civil engineers, social scientists, and computer scientists will convey research results through practitioner-oriented seminars held with FEMA, state emergency management agencies, transportation authorities, and electric power utilities. The multi-disciplinary approach and outreach activities developed for Virginia Tech's Center for the Enhancement of Engineering Diversity and the University of Michigan's Detroit-Area Pre-College Engineering Program will help broaden the research participation of underrepresented groups and attract new students to the respective fields. Technically, the project's objectives include: developing improved methods for collecting, analyzing, and archiving tweets and webpages - integrated with data collected from official or specialized sources - in support of understanding the interplay of behavior and power and transportation infrastructures in disruptions; collecting novel data with activity diaries that incorporate adaptation and use of technologies; determining how the nature of information about infrastructure disruptions and the way in which individuals process this information shape responses to disruptions and preferred tradeoffs; identifying how these behavior adaptations induce or magnify substitutive interdependencies between transportation and power systems; and developing recovery strategies that coordinate among the infrastructures and account for adaptation. To achieve these objectives, the study will use social media, official utility and transport information, and activity panel surveys to develop behavioral and infrastructure outage models that feed a coordinated, behaviorally-aware power and transport recovery model using optimization and agent based modeling. The project team's approach specifically examines the adaptation of individuals who pursue alternate means to accomplish an activity goal and the interdependence between power and transportation infrastructure that results from this adaptation during disruptions. This approach is applied to a case study in a metropolitan area.