RCN: EyesNorth - A Research Coordination Network of Community-Based Observing Initiatives in the Arctic and Beyond

尽管公民获得的环境观测（如公民科学）迅速增加，但没有一套具有凝聚力的最佳实践或相应的理论来建立以社区为基础的观察（CBO）的广泛科学。当前有关基于社区的观察网络、基于社区的监测、公民科学和社区观察员博客活动的术语和含义通常可以互换使用。然而，每一项工作都构成了CBO连续体中不同类型的努力。通过清楚地定义这些活动是什么以及它们可以提供什么信息，我们可以更好地帮助社区适应不断变化的环境条件。北眼研究协调网络（RCN）将涉及从土著社区到联邦机构的一系列实践者，以发展CBO的科学和实践，在观察变化与社区准备和反应之间提供关键联系。EyesNorth RCN将协调合作伙伴之间的培训和教育外展计划，以产生和交流在各种监测活动中采用的最佳实践。EyesNorth RCN旨在利用复原力和适应科学的核心理论发展一门以社区为基础的观测科学。它有四个目标，是与加拿大、俄罗斯、美国、芬兰、挪威、瑞典、冰岛和格陵兰等北极圈北部国家的一系列伙伴共同制定的。网络目标将实现目前利用CBO监测北极和亚北极社会环境变化的活动和组织之间的协调。它将为用户、科学家和实践者创造一个多样化的、跨学科的网络。科学目标将通过发展新的和完善现有学科之间的理论联系来推动建立CBO科学，从而扩大和增强社区适应行动在实地的可转移性。可持续发展目标将定义CBO连续体的最佳实践，包括国际数据共享协议和保护措施，确保土著知识和基于地方的知识得到适当的应用，并由社区自己决定。教育和培训目标将确保共同制定最佳做法，而不是强加于人。通过与美国西部社区的伙伴关系，我们将确保经验教训的可转移性。这些合作伙伴关系将：a)共同定义一系列技术支持的方法，为一系列最终用户提供链接的、可扩展的和可用的数据，这些数据将有助于告知管理决策，哪些行为会影响当地社区的恢复能力？在哪里?数据?指关于我们生活的世界的信息广度；b)将这些方法转化为可在国内和国际上应用的实践。我们将制定必要的数据和元数据标准，以促进研究人员和社区之间的知识共享，这些标准可以作为未来CBO项目的基础，同时也扩大当前工作的范围，以便在美国西部不同的社区和环境中转移和实施CBO。我们与行业、研究和资源管理从业者就最适合不同类型CBO的数据获取技术类型进行接触。最终，EyesNorth RCN将首次联合广泛的CBO实践者，与北极和美国西部的合作伙伴一起设计和利用协作和公平的培训和教育活动，从而产生一种CBO科学，可以提高所有美国人的福祉和生活质量。

Despite a rapid increase in citizen-acquired environmental observations (e.g., citizen science) no cohesive set of best practices or corresponding theories exists for building a broad science of Community-Based Observing (CBO). Current terms and meanings concerning community-based observing networks, community based monitoring, citizen science, and community observer blogs activities are often used interchangeably. Each, however, constitutes a different type of effort along a CBO continuum. By clearly defining what these activities are and what information they can contribute we can better help communities adapt to changing environmental conditions. The EyesNorth Research Coordinating Network (RCN) will involve a range of practitioners, from Native communities to federal agencies, to develop both a science and practice of CBO that will provide the critical connection between observing change and community preparedness and response. The EyesNorth RCN will coordinate activities around training and education-outreach programs among partners to generate and communicate the best practices for adoption across diverse monitoring activities. The EyesNorth RCN seeks to develop a science of Community-Based Observing leveraging core theories in resilience and adaptation science. It has four objectives that are co-developed with a range of partners from across the circumpolar North countries including Canada, Russia, the United States, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Greenland. The network objective will achieve coordination across activities and organizations currently utilizing CBO for monitoring socio-environmental change in the Arctic and Subarctic. It will create a diverse, transdisciplinary network of users, scientists, and practitioners. The science objective will advance theory to build a science of CBO by developing new and refining existing theoretical connections among disciplines that drive the science of CBO in order to expand and enhance the transferability of adaptation actions by communities on the ground. The sustainability objective will define best practices across the CBO continuum including international data sharing protocols and protections that ensure Indigenous Knowledge and Local Place Based Knowledge are appropriately applied and determined by communities themselves. The education and training objective will ensure that best practices are co-developed rather than imposed and, through partnerships with communities from the Western United States, we will ensure transferability of lessons learned. These partnerships will: a) co-define a range of technology-enabled approaches that enable linked, scalable, and usable data for a range of end-users that will help inform management decisions whose actions affect the resilience of local communities ? where ?data? refers to the breadth of information about the world we live in; and b) transfer these approaches to produce practices that can be applied nationally and internationally. We will develop data and metadata standards necessary to facilitate the sharing of knowledge between researchers and communities which can serve as baselines for future CBO programs while also expanding the scope of current efforts so as to transfer and implement CBO in diverse communities and settings in the Western U.S. We engage with Industry, research and resource management practitioners about the types of data acquisition technologies most amenable to different types of CBO. Ultimately, the EyesNorth RCN will coalesce, for the first time, a broad range of CBO practitioners to design and leverage collaborative and equitable training and education activities with partners in the Arctic and Western U.S. yielding a science of CBO that can enhance the well-being and quality of life for all Americans.