Continuous and Drift Free Vertical Deformation Measurements at Axial Seamount - Installation of a Self Calibrating Pressure Recorder on the OOI Cabled Array

海底火山是我们环境的重要动态特征，无论是它们如何塑造地球表面，还是它们如何支持海底的生命。然而，海底火山并不容易到达。海洋观测站倡议的电缆阵列组件为观测俄勒冈州近海的活火山Axial火山提供了基础设施和仪器。轴心火山曾在1998年、2011年和2015年喷发。该项目将增加一种新的、连续运行的仪器--自校准压力记录仪(SCPR)。与传统仪器不同，SCPR可以提供轴向火山顶端高度变化的无漂移连续估计。SCPR的测量将有助于理解轴心火山内部发生的过程，并使未来喷发的预测成为可能。这些测量只是Axial火山更大调查的一个组成部分，直接补充和支持其他研究工作。该项目支持对博士生的培训。我们对海底火山的了解比我们对陆上火山的了解要有限得多。东北太平洋的轴向火山似乎正在加速喷发周期。1998年、2011年和2015年的喷发被观测到，大地测量覆盖得很少。随着OOI有线阵列在Axial火山的运行，这一覆盖范围正在增加。最近两次喷发前的抬升速率比以前高得多，表明岩浆供应增加。该项目将在OOI电缆阵列上安装一台连续运行的仪器--自校准压力记录仪(SCPR)。SCPR可提供无漂移压力测量(使用内部无漂移压力基准)，进而可用作垂直变形的替代。垂直形变测量可以用来更好地约束岩浆喷发体积和补给率的模型。此外，SCPR还可以作为其他大地阵列和测量的参考站，包括遥控潜水器战役压力测量和自主水下航行器重复测深测绘。这项技术还有许多潜在的应用于其他学科，包括用于探测十年尺度过程和海平面变化的物理海洋学。

Seafloor volcanoes are important dynamic features of our environment both in how they shape the surface of the earth and how they support life at the seafloor. Seafloor volcanoes are not easily accessible, however. The Cabled Array component of the Ocean Observatories Initiative provides the infrastructure and instruments to observe an active volcano offshore Oregon, Axial Volcano. Axial Volcano has erupted in 1998, 2011, and 2015. This project will add a new, continuously operating instrument, the Self-Calibrating Pressure Recorder (SCPR). The SCPR can, unlike conventional instruments, provide a drift free continuous estimate of height changes on the summit of Axial Volcano. The SCPR measurements will aid in understanding the processes occurring within Axial Volcano, and enable forecasts of future eruptions. These measurements are but one component of a larger investigation at Axial Volcano, and directly complements and supports other research efforts. The project supports the training of a Ph.D. student.Our knowledge of seafloor volcanoes is much more limited than our knowledge of continental volcanoes. Axial Volcano in the Northeast Pacific appears to be accelerating in its eruption cycle. Eruptions in 1998, 2011, and 2015 have been observed with sparse geodetic coverage. This coverage is increasing now that the OOI Cabled Array is in operation at Axial Volcano. Uplift rates preceding the two most recent eruptions are much higher than before, indicating an increase in magma supply. This project will install a continuously operating instrument, the Self-Calibrating Pressure Recorder (SCPR) on the OOI Cabled Array. The SCPR can provide drift free pressure measurements (using an internal drift free pressure reference), which in turn can be used as proxies for vertical deformation. The vertical deformation measurements can be used to better constrain models of magma eruption volume and recharge rates. Additionally, the SCPR can serve as a reference station for other geodetic arrays and surveys, including Remotely Operated Vehicle campaign pressure surveys and Autonomous Underwater Vehicle repeat bathymetric mapping. There are many potential applications of this technology to other disciplines, including physical oceanography for detecting decadal scale processes as well as sea level change.