Factors determining vector competence of the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis for transmitting TSWV Tospovirus

经济上重要的番茄斑点野生病毒(TSWV)的流行病学由西方富兰克林尼拉等蓟马物种的媒介能力决定。这项研究的主要目的是确定导致西方斑潜蝇个体和种群媒介能力高度变异性的因素。本研究将分为三个部分：(1)以甜椒(Capsicum Annum)为模式作物，研究西方斑潜蝇传播TSWV TospoVirus的特性载体能力的遗传力。这一部分包括具有各自特征的媒介能力和非媒介能力的雌性和雄性西方斑潜蝇的杂交(单对杂交)。杂交方案包括回传(F1-F2)。称职个体(表型)的频率将在生物测试中确定，此外，称职个体与非称职个体应通过微卫星和/或AFLP等遗传标记来表征，以确定基因组水平上的等位基因频率(基因型)。(2)在不同大小、不同初始比例的合格和不合格个体的隔离种群中，以及在人工分割种群(基因漂移和瓶颈效应)之后，确定不同结构种群在多个世代中媒介能力(合格个体的百分比)的动态(世代)。(3)第三部分将集中于所选的非遗传因素，假设这些非遗传因素会额外影响孤立群体中的载体能力或等位基因转移。被描述为有能力或无能力的个体将评估的参数包括交配偏好、寄主植物选择、取食行为和移动性(寄主植物切换)以及适合性参数，如寿命和繁殖力。

The epidemiology of the economically important Tomato Spotted Wild Virus (TSWV) is determined by the vector competence of thrips species such as Frankliniella occidentalis. The main aim of the study is to determine factors responsible for the high variability in vector competence of F. occidentalis individuals and populations. The study will be divided in three parts: (1) Investigation of the heritability of the trait vector competence of F. occidentalis for transmitting the TSWV tospovirus on sweet pepper (Capsicum annum) as a model crop. This part consists of crossings with individually characterized vector competent and non-competent females and males of F. occidentalis (single pair crossing). Crossing schemes include back-crossings (F1 -- F2). Frequency of competent individuals (phenotype) will be determined in a biotest, moreover competent vs non-competent individuals should be characterized by genetic markers such as microsatellites and/ or AFLPs to determine allele frequencies on the genome level (genotype) in addition. (2) Determination of the dynamics (over generations) of vector competence (percentage of competent individuals) in differently structured populations over multiple generations in isolated populations of different sizes, of different initial proportions of competent and non-competent individuals and after artificial fragmentation of populations (gene drift and bottle-neck effects). (3) The third part will focus on selected non-genetic factors assumed to additionally influence vector competence or allele shifts in isolated populations. Parameters to be evaluated from individuals characterized as either competent or non-competent will be mating preferences, host plant selection, feeding behavior and mobility (host plant switch) as well as fitness parameters such as longevity and fecundity.