GOALI: Omics- and metabolically-informed out-selection of Nitrospira spp. and Comammox bacteria from energy efficient engineered nitrogen removal processes

PI姓名：Kartik Karran提案编号：1706726废水处理行业正处于复兴之中，在追求清洁水的过程中逐步嵌入能源和资源效率，甚至成为能源积极的，即，从水处理过程中产生能量。该项目的重点是开发一个基本的了解的细菌种群和他们的活动，在节能工程废水处理系统，并利用这种理解，以促进这些系统的全面实施，在供水设施。 这一项目的潜在效益包括有可能在传统上受能源供应或能源成本限制的公用事业中广泛采用强化废水处理技术和方法。 该项目的主题是“以环境可持续的方式减少氮污染”，这是美国国家工程院定义的重大工程挑战之一。 该项目开发的技术有望为华盛顿，华盛顿特区和美国其他公用事业的脱氮计划做出重大贡献。 研究所将开发教育模块，向纽约市少数民族学校的高中生介绍环境微生物学研究。PI计划通过开发和实施针对水质专业人员的教育模块，帮助弥合这一新的节能清洁水范例的基础研究与实际应用之间的差距。厌氧氨氧化工艺在污水或稀释废水处理中的应用（主流脱氨）具有巨大的潜力，可扩大节能规模，并减少与厌氧氨氧化相关的总体足迹，厌氧消化浓缩物或滤液（侧流）的基础处理。 然而，与选择好氧和厌氧氨氧化细菌（分别为AOB和AMX）以及同时选择侧流系统中的亚硝酸盐氧化细菌（NOB）相关的典型操作策略不适用于主流脱氨系统。 PI计划对主流脱氨过程中NOB的微生物生态学、代谢、生物动力学和热力学进行科学的理解。 基于这一基础性工作，PI计划开发代谢和活性污泥模型，并将这些模型用于纽约市、华盛顿，华盛顿特区和丹麦欧登塞的实验室、中试和全规模主流脱氨工艺的优化。 该项目代表了在美国由基础应用研究连续体支持的全面和试点规模实施NOB-outselection的第一次系统性尝试之一。 使用新的分子技术，如下一代测序，系统生物学（组学）和传统的工程为基础的方法，PI计划模型NOB生态，代谢和热力学。 分析和建模工作将导致更好地理解特定的机制，通过该机制设计稳定的主流脱氨微生物群落和过程。 最终，该项目的结果可以帮助促进主流脱氨生物脱氮（BNR）的广泛适应，基于对组成相关的微生物和工程系统的机械理解。

PI Name: Kartik ChandranProposal Number: 1706726The wastewater treatment sector is in the midst of a renaissance to move towards embedding energy and resource efficiency in the pursuit of clean water and even becoming energy positive, i.e., producing energy from the water treatment process. The focus of this project is to develop a fundamental understanding of the bacterial populations and their activities in energy-efficient engineered wastewater treatment systems and use this understanding to facilitate full-scale implementation of these systems at water utilities. Potential benefits of this project include the possibility of widespread adoption of enhanced wastewater treatment technologies and approaches in utilities traditionally limited by energy availability or energy costs. This project addresses the theme "reducing nitrogenous pollution in an environmentally sustainable fashion," one of the grand engineering challenges defined by the National Academy of Engineering. Technology developed from this project is expected to contribute significantly to the nitrogen removal program of Washington, D.C. and other utilities in the US. The PIs will develop educational modules to introduce environmental microbiology research to high-school students from minority schools in New York City. The PIs plan to help bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical application of this new paradigm in energy-efficient clean water by developing and implementing educational modules directed at water quality professionals.The application of the anammox process for the treatment of sewage or dilute wastewater (mainstream deammonification) holds immense potential for scaling up the energy-savings and reduced overall footprint typically associated with anammox-based treatment of anaerobic digestion centrate or filtrate (sidestreams). Nevertheless, the typical operational strategies associated with selecting for aerobic and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB and AMX, respectively) and concurrently selecting against nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in sidestream systems do not apply to mainstream deammonification systems. The PIs plan to develop a science-based understanding of the microbial ecology, metabolism, biokinetics, and thermodynamics of NOB in mainstream deammonification processes. Based on this fundamental work, the PIs plan to develop metabolic and activated sludge models and employ these models for the optimization of lab-, pilot- and full-scale mainstream deammonification processes in New York City, Washington, D.C. and Odense, Denmark. This project represents one of the first systematic attempts at full-scale and pilot-scale implementation of NOB-outselection in the US supported by a fundamental-applied research continuum. Using novel molecular techniques such as next generation sequencing, systems biology (-omics) and conventional engineering based approaches, the PIs plan to model NOB ecology, metabolism and thermodynamics. The analytical and modeling effort will lead to a better understanding of the specific mechanisms by which to engineer stable mainstream deammonification microbial communities and processes. Ultimately, the results of this project can help to promote widespread adaptation of mainstream deammonification for biological nitrogen removal (BNR), based on a mechanistic understanding of the constituent linked microbial and engineering systems.