NPGI NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2017: Identifying the Genetic Determinants of Photosynthetic Pathways in Portulaca: Development of Germplasm and Genetic Resources

这一行动为NSF国家植物基因组计划2017财年生物学博士后研究奖学金提供了资金。该奖学金支持在东道主实验室为该研究员制定的研究和培训计划，该研究员还提出了扩大生物学参与度的计划。该奖学金的主办机构是布朗大学，赞助科学家是埃里卡·爱德华兹博士。所有植物都进行三种类型的光合作用之一。其中两种具有很强的抗逆性，特别是在高温或干旱胁迫下。大多数作物具有第三种类型的光合作用，这种光合作用的耐受性较差，许多育种计划的目标是通过改变这些作物的光合作用类型来增强它们的抗逆性。要做到这一点，一个主要的障碍是缺乏对区分这三种光合作用类型的复杂基因控制的了解。这项研究使用了独特的马齿苋属，这是一组成员进行所有三种类型的光合作用(甚至在它们之间进行转换)的物种，以更好地了解支撑这三种类型的解剖和生化的遗传控制。Pi Goolsby将接受植物基因组学和生理学方面的现代方法培训，这项工作将为进一步研究提高作物的光合作用效率和抗逆性提供工具。这项工作将绘制不同属马齿苋C3、C4和CAM光合作用的遗传结构图。重组自交系的作图小组将使用多亲高级世代杂交(MAGIC)方法，从该属内C3、C4和CAM光合作用的解剖和生化极端的8个方正品系中开发。这个小组将被测序，以创建关键光合作用性状的遗传图谱和表型，这将允许关联图谱和识别区分光合作用途径的关键候选基因。测绘小组的种质和遗传数据将分别存放在美国农业部和国家CBI，向科学界和更广泛的公众开放访问，并促进未来的基础和应用研究工作。

This action funds an NSF National Plant Genome Initiative Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2017. The fellowship supports a research and training plan in a host laboratory for the Fellow who also presents a plan to broaden participation in biology. The host institution for the fellowship is Brown University and the sponsoring scientist is Dr. Erika Edwards.All plants perform one of three types of photosynthesis. Two of these confer substantial stress tolerance, particularly under heat or drought stress. Most crops possess the third, less stress tolerant type of photosynthesis, and it is a goal of many breeding programs to give these crops more stress tolerance by changing the type of photosynthesis they perform. A major roadblock to doing this is a lack of knowledge of the complex genetic control that differentiates the three photosynthesis types. This work uses the unique genus Portulaca, a group of species whose members variously perform all three types of photosynthesis (and even shift among them), to better understand the genetic control of the anatomy and biochemistry underpinning the three types. PI Goolsby will be trained in modern approaches in plant genomics and physiology, and this work will provide tools for further research on improving crop photosynthetic efficiency and stress tolerance.This work will map the genetic architecture that differentiates C3, C4, and CAM photosynthesis in the diverse genus Portulaca. A mapping panel of recombinant inbred lines will be developed using a multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) approach from 8 founder lines spanning anatomical and biochemical extremes of C3, C4, and CAM photosynthesis within the genus. This panel will be sequenced to create a genetic map and phenotyped for key photosynthetic traits, which will allow association mapping and the identification of key candidate genes differentiating photosynthetic pathways. Germplasm and genetic data for the mapping panel will be deposited with the USDA and NCBI, respectively, providing open access to the scientific community and broader public and facilitating future basic and applied research efforts.