Doctoral Dissertation Research: Legal and Moral Sources of Trust in the Social Lives of Displaced People

该奖项支持的研究调查了地方一级的法律的和道德关系，通过这些关系，流离失所者被纳入新的社会环境。大规模的全球人口流离失所造成了一些人所说的自联合国成立以来最严重的人道主义危机。但解释流离失所的全部后果仍然是社会科学家面临的一个挑战性问题。那些归因于理性选择模型的人可能会把搬家的决定看作是考虑到情境因素的理性选择。其他人则指出，结构性因素，如政治和经济不平等，是造成混乱的原因。但这些解释并没有说明基于信任的法律的和道德关系，正是这种关系使流离失所者在重新安置后有可能重新安置。这项研究将调查的微观过程，通过信任是由流离失所者和为流离失所者培养。理解这些过程，对于理解结束危机所需的东西至关重要，对于推进关于流离失所的社会科学理论和美国政府都很重要。S.这项研究将由斯坦福大学人类学博士生Kerem Can Ussakli在托马斯布洛姆汉森博士的监督下进行，作为如何进行基于经验的科学实地考察高级培训的一部分。研究将在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区政府进行。这是一个合适的地点，因为在获得自治后，该地区以其复原力、社会凝聚力和对国内流离失所者的热情好客而闻名。研究人员将研究伊拉克境内流离失所者与其库尔德东道主之间的赞助关系，以研究即使在长期暴力的条件下，个人如何建立文化网络和道德信任机制。他将与当地非政府组织、人道主义工作者、律师、流离失所者和当地居民合作，记录每个行动者提出的各种法律的地位和要求。将通过混合方法收集数据，包括参与者观察、访谈、生活史和档案研究。这项研究的结果将有助于决策者在国家建设，难民安置，政府和国际法领域寻求更明智的政策。

The research supported by this award investigates the local-level legal and moral relationships through which displaced people are incorporated into new social environments. Massive global population displacement has produced what some label the greatest humanitarian crisis since the founding of the United Nations. But explaining the full ramifications of displacement remains a challenging problem for social scientists. Those who ascribe to rational choice models may see the decision to move as a reasoned choice given situational factors. Others point to structural factors, such as political and economic inequalities, to explain dislocation. But these explanations do not account for the legal and ethical relationships, grounded in trust, that make it possible for displaced people to be re-emplaced after relocation. This research will investigate the micro-processes through which trust is cultivated by and for displaced people. Understanding these processes, critical to comprehending what is needed to end the crisis, is important for advancing social science theory about displacement and for U. S. policy.The research will be carried out by Stanford University anthropology doctoral student, Kerem Can Ussakli, as part of advanced training in how to conduct empirically grounded scientific fieldwork, under the supervision of Dr. Thomas Blom Hansen. The research will be conducted in the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraq. This is an appropriate site because after gaining autonomy, the region has become known for its resilience, social cohesion, and hospitality for the internally displaced populations. The researcher will look at sponsorship relations between Iraqi internally displaced people and their Kurdish hosts, to examine how individuals create cultural networks and moral mechanisms of trust even in conditions of prolonged violence. He will work with local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), humanitarian workers, lawyers, displaced people, and local residents to document the varying legal statuses and claims raised by each actor. Data will be collected through a mixed-methods approach including participant observation, interviews and life-histories and archival research. Findings from this research will be useful to policymakers who seek better-informed policies in the fields of state-building, refugee settlement, government, and international law.