Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: The Long Term Effect of Immigration on Political Organization

在Takeshi Inomata的指导下，亚利桑那大学的Juan Manuel Palomo将进行研究，以了解政治集权和社会不平等对饮食和移民模式的影响。考古调查使学者们能够对人类历史上长期的社会不平等和政治集中的过程产生相关的见解，其中包括定居社区的出现，更大政治的发展及其解体。先前的学术研究发现，在政治集中化的过程中，移民可能是重要的，在某些情况下，随着这些城市的权力和影响力的增加，非本地个人被吸引到大中心。学者们有兴趣研究这些移民在社会不平等和政治增长的发展过程中所起的作用。饮食可以在研究政治集权和社会不平等方面发挥重要作用，因为它不仅为我们提供了有关健康的信息，还为我们提供了有关社会阶层、种族和生活方式的信息。通过研究古代人口、起源地和文化景观，研究人员可以开始识别和区分种族群体、社会阶层、生活方式、饮食习惯和人类文化的其他社会复杂性。拟议的研究结果将有助于对移民、饮食、社会不平等、政治集中化的研究，以及对中美洲和世界其他地区中央集权政治的兴起和衰落的研究。帕洛莫先生将研究人类历史关键时刻的社会不平等和政治集中化过程，其中包括定居社区的出现，更大政治的发展及其解体。为了解决这些问题，学者们正在研究两个更具体的问题：1)社会不平等和政治集权是如何反映在饮食习惯上的？2)社会不平等和政治集中化的变化是如何与外来移民和对外关系联系起来的？为了研究这些问题，研究小组将对来自塞巴尔玛雅考古遗址的86个样本的骨骼遗骸进行多同位素分析，这些样本可以追溯到前古典中期到古典末期。在分析过程中，研究人员将为学生创造和促进教育和培训机会。碳和氮同位素数据将使学者们能够检验社会不平等和政治集中化的变化是否伴随着饮食的变化。氧、锶和铅同位素分析将用于检查塞巴尔是否吸引了更多的移民，以及在政治日益集中的时期或在政治制度建立期间是否有更多的敌对外部关系。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Under the direction of Takeshi Inomata, Juan Manuel Palomo of the University of Arizona will undertake research to understand the impact of political centralization and social inequalities on diet and migration patterns. Archaeological investigation allows scholars to generate relevant insights about processes of social inequality and political centralization over extended periods of time in human history, which include the emergence of sedentary communities, the development of larger polities, and their disintegrations. Previous scholarship has found that migration can be important during the process of political centralization, where on some occasions non-local individuals are drawn to big centers as the power and influence of those cities increased. Scholars are interested in examining the role that these migrations had during the development of social inequalities and political growth. Diet can play an important role for studying political centralization and social inequality because it not only provides us information about health, but also social class, ethnic groups, and lifestyle affiliations. By studying ancient populations, places of origin and cultural landscapes, the researchers can begin identifying and differentiating ethnic groups, social class, lifestyles, dietary practices, and other social complexities of human culture. The results of the proposed research will contribute to the study of migration, diet, social inequalities, political centralization, as well as to that of the emergence and decline of centralized polities not only in Mesoamerica but also in other parts of the world. Mr. Palomo will examine social inequality and political centralization processes at critical moments of the human history, which include the emergence of sedentary communities, the development of larger polities, and their disintegrations. To address these issues, the scholars are examining two more specific questions: 1) How were social inequality and political centralization reflected in dietary practices? 2) How were changes in social inequality and political centralization associated with those in-migrations and external relations? To examine these questions, the research team will conduct a multi-isotopic analysis on the skeletal remains of 86 sampled individuals from the Mayan archaeological site of Ceibal that date from the Middle Preclassic to the Terminal Classic periods. During the analysis, the researchers will create and promote education and training opportunities for students. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic data will allow the scholars to examine whether changes in social inequality and political centralization were accompanied by those in the diet. Oxygen, strontium, and lead isotopic analysis will be used to examine whether Ceibal attracted more migrants and whether there were more hostile external relations during the periods of growing political centralization or during the establishment of political regimes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.