Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Consumption Of Food And Social Distinction

在帕特里克·瑞安·威廉姆斯博士的指导下，玛丽·伊丽莎白·格拉瓦洛斯将通过家庭食品消费的视角来研究贸易关系的变化。先前对史前贸易关系的研究主要集中在政治和宗教中心的声望商品的分析上，证明了长距离的经济互动。但是，当小社区获得新商品时，这意味着什么？这如何影响更广泛的社会区别和权威？小规模的社会实体如何促进政治经济的转变？考古学很好地研究了这些问题，因为它强调从时间顺序的角度来研究材料。虽然本研究以一个案例研究为中心，但研究结果将与区域数据集进行比较，以便在更广泛的政治经济中将现场层面的研究结果置于背景中。作为美国和秘鲁同事之间的合作努力，该项目已经通过居住在重点考古遗址附近的农村社区成员的就业以及本科生和研究生的教育产生了重大而广泛的影响。此外，研究人员还将在秘鲁共同策划一个临时博物馆展览，向公众展示他们的发现。这项研究还支持美国和秘鲁妇女在科学和领导方面的作用。本研究成果将形成一篇博士论文，以及多篇会议论文和学术出版物。格拉瓦洛斯和她的团队将从日常饮食和专门的宴会中评估食物消费的物质残留物，以通过烹饪的角度确定地方权威、经济渠道和文化传统的差异。研究人员将分析和比较来自耶科什考古遗址的不同家庭背景的数据。耶科什是秘鲁安卡什高地Callejan de Huaylas山谷的一个前西班牙村庄。在早期中期时期（公元1-700年），该社区在山谷内的几条交叉贸易路线附近建立，可能参与了随后的中期地平线（公元700-1000年）发展起来的新的政治经济网络。研究人员将研究各种数据集，以了解这些时期烹饪和获取的变化，包括1)宏观和微观植物学，2)动物，3)陶瓷地球化学和矿物学，以及4)建筑。通过研究不同建筑背景下食物消费的差异，研究人员将详细了解一个小村庄随着时间的推移是参与还是孤立于区域政治经济。此外，这个多样化的数据集将阐明一个前西班牙小村庄的日常生活，有助于更广泛地理解人类的生活经验。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Under the direction of Dr. Patrick Ryan Williams, Marie Elizabeth Gravalos will investigate shifting trade relationships through the lens of food consumption in households. Previous research on prehistoric trade relations has centered on the analysis of prestige commodities at political and religious centers, demonstrating long-distance economic interaction. But what does it mean when small communities gain access to new goods and how does this affect wider social distinction and authority? How do small-scale social entities contribute to shifting political economies? Archaeology is well positioned to examine these questions because of its emphasis on studying material remains from a chronological perspective. Although this research centers upon one case study, findings will be compared to regional datasets to contextualize site-level findings within a broader political economy. As a collaborative effort between colleagues in the US and Peru, this project has already had significant broader impacts through the employment of rural community members living near the archaeological site of focus as well as the education of undergraduate and graduate students. Additionally, the researchers will co-curate a temporary museum exhibit in Peru to display findings to the public. This research also supports US and Peruvian women in science and leadership roles. This research will result in one Ph.D. dissertation as well as multiple conference papers and academic publications.Gravalos and her team will evaluate the material remains of food consumption from every day eating and specialized feasts to identify differences in local authority, economic access, and cultural traditions through the lens of cuisine. Researchers will analyze and compare data from diverse household contexts at the archaeological site of Jecosh - a prehispanic village in the Callejan de Huaylas valley of highland Ancash, Peru. Established during the Early Intermediate Period (1-700 CE) near several intersecting trade routes within the valley, this community was likely engaged in new politico-economic networks that developed during the subsequent Middle Horizon (700-1000 CE). Researchers will examine various datasets to understand changes in cuisine and access across these time periods, including 1) macro- and micro-botanical, 2) faunal, 3) ceramic geochemical and mineralogical, and 4) architectural. By examining differences in food consumption across discrete architectural contexts, researchers will gain a detailed understanding of a small-village's participation or isolation from a regional political economy over time. Further, this diverse dataset will elucidate the daily lives of a small prehispanic village, contributing to broader understandings of the lived human experience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.