The Decadal Survey in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020 (Astro 2020)

在过去的60年里，天文学界每隔10年就对该领域进行一次评估，为该学科的投资和未来发展确定优先事项。这些研究被称为“十年调查”，依靠广泛的社区投入来确定引人注目的科学机会，确定实现这些机会所需的工具和资源并对其进行排序。该奖项授予美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院（NAS），为开展下一次此类调查提供了NSF的资助，该调查还得到了美国国家航空航天局（NASA）和能源部高能物理办公室的支持。这次调查将在物理和天文学委员会和空间研究委员会的合作下组织和实施。该研究将评估天文学和天体物理学（A&amp；A）在过去十年中的进展和发展，探索2022-2033年期间有希望的新方向，并评估该专业的状态，提出解决突出问题的建议。这项活动产生的十年报告将为这些学科内的人员、决策者和其他有关方面提供明确和广泛的指导。像它的前辈一样，它将在指导联邦政府在最高科学优先事项上的投资方面发挥无价的作用，这是由社区共识决定的。此外，帮助确定该领域前沿的关键问题，以及所需的工具和方法，可以在引人注目的新科学领域带来新的见解和新的视角。评估专业状况并提供解决突出问题的建议将对研究进行的环境产生积极影响。该报告将确定新的方向和所需的设施，制定在美国和国外推进科学的指导方针，并作为a &amp； a领域以外的人（包括普通公众）了解最新进展和未来方向的宝贵资源。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

For the last 60 years, at about ten-year intervals, the astronomy community has carried out assessments of the field that establish priorities for investment and future development in the discipline. These studies, known as "decadal surveys", rely on broad community input to identify compelling scientific opportunities, defining and ranking the tools and resources necessary to realize them. This award to the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NAS) provides the NSF contribution for carrying out the next such survey, which is also supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics.The survey will be organized and conducted in a collaboration between the Board on Physics and Astronomy and the Space Studies Board. The study will assess progress and developments in astronomy and astrophysics (A&A) over the past decade, explore promising new directions for the period 2022-2033, and assess the state of the profession, making recommendations to address outstanding issues. The decadal report resulting from this activity will provide clear and broad guidance to those within these disciplines, to policymakers, and to other interested parties. Like its predecessors, it will be invaluable in guiding federal investments in the highest scientific priorities, as determined by community consensus. In addition, helping to determine the key questions at the frontiers of the field, and the tools and methods needed, can lead to fresh insights and new perspectives on compelling new areas of the science. Assessing the state of the profession and providing recommendations to address outstanding issues will positively impact the environment in which this research takes place.The report will identify new directions and the facilities needed, formulate guidelines for advancing science in the United States and abroad, and serve as a valuable resource for those outside the fields of A&A, including the general public, to learn about recent advances and future directions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.