Experimental Nuclear Physics and Fundamental Interactions at Indiana University

中子和质子内部和之间的强相互作用是自然界的四种力之一，它具有一些人们知之甚少的特征，以及其他一些能够灵敏地寻找新的力的特征。PI和他的合作者将测量质子角动量的不同贡献。该团队还将寻找与中微子碰撞后反冲的原子核，并将利用这些数据来寻找新的相互作用，并校准未来用于寻找超新星爆炸中子的探测器。此外，该团队还将利用中子来寻找可能的新自然力，并测量自由中子的放射性半衰期，以测试大爆炸理论的各个方面。这项工作的科学影响在于核物理学，粒子物理学，天体物理学和宇宙学领域。在进行这些实验的过程中，PI将为许多年轻的研究人员提供全面的科学和技术教育的绝佳机会。为这项研究开发的灵敏仪器和技术可以应用于材料内部磁场的中子成像。强相互作用的理论，QCD，仍然是粒子和相互作用标准模型中最难理解的部分。该项目将支持印第安纳州大学的几个PI，以合作追求强相互作用物理学中选定的科学问题。该团队将通过分析相对论重离子对撞机星星探测器测量的极化质子-质子碰撞数据，探索鲜为人知的胶子螺旋度和夸克轨道运动对质子角动量的贡献。 PI和他的合作者还将测量各种核中的相干中微子-核截面，包括液体氩闪烁探测器中的氩，以获得超新星爆炸中产生的中微子能量。这些数据也将限制中微子与核子可能的奇异相互作用。此外，该团队将在NIST中子研究中心寻找液氦中的宇称奇中子自旋旋转和与物质的奇异自旋相关的中子相互作用。因此，该项目将通过测量中子的衰变率，对来自大爆炸的原始氦丰度进行更好的理论预测。该小组将准备实验装置，安装在洛斯阿拉莫斯和橡树岭国家实验室，以寻找一个电偶极矩的中子与改进的灵敏度，以寻找新的来源的时间反演violation.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得的支持，通过评估使用该基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

The strong interaction inside and between neutrons and protons, one of the four forces of nature, possesses some features that are poorly understood and other features that enable sensitive searches for new forces. The PI and his collaborators will measure different contributions to the angular momentum of the proton. The team will also search for nuclei which recoil from collisions with neutrinos and will use this data to search for new interactions and calibrate detectors to be used in the future to look for the neutrons from supernova explosions. In addition, the team will use neutrons to search for possible new forces of nature and measure the radioactive half life of free neutrons to test aspects of the Big Bang theory. The scientific impact of this work lies in the fields of nuclear physics, particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology. In the course of conducting these experiments the PIs will provide excellent opportunities for a thorough scientific and technical education to many young researchers. The sensitive instrumentation and techniques developed for this research can be applied to neutron imaging of magnetic fields inside materials. The theory of the strong interaction, QCD, is still the most poorly-understood part of the Standard Model of particles and interactions. This project will support several PIs at Indiana University to collaboratively pursue selected scientific questions in strong interaction physics. The team will probe the poorly-known gluon helicity and quark orbital motion contributions to the angular momentum of the proton by analyzing data from polarized proton-proton collisions measured in the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The PI and his collaborators will also measure coherent neutrino-nucleus cross sections in various nuclei, including argon in a liquid argon scintillation detector, for neutrino energies that would be produced in a supernova explosion. This data will also constrain possible exotic interactions of neutrinos with nucleons. In addition, the team will search for parity-odd neutron spin rotation in liquid helium and for exotic spin dependent neutron interactions with matter at the NIST Center for Neutron Research. As such, this project will make possible better theoretical predictions of the primordial helium abundance from the Big Bang by measuring the decay rate of the neutron. The team will prepare apparatus for experiments to be mounted at Los Alamos and Oak Ridge National Laboratories to search for an electric dipole moment of the neutron with improved sensitivity to search for new sources of time reversal violation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.