Leveraging Distributed Research Networks to Understand Watershed Systems

流域描述了水在陆地上移动的组织。它们可以小到一个脚印，也可以大到足以覆盖所有从溪流、河流、切萨皮克湾流出的水，切萨皮克湾最终与大西洋相连。来自各大学和联邦机构（如美国地质学会、国家科学基金会、能源部）的科学家们正在努力了解流域科学的基础知识，以及管理和保持水资源安全所需的知识。来自NSF的支持将使第一次研讨会能够解决目前在流域系统管理方面的知识差距，特别是建立一个跨机构和机构的社区，可以利用现有的研究成果，并开发新的研究成果，以推进流域科学。这种支持将有助于提高本次研讨会参与者的代表性，因为资金将用于增加性别、种族和早期职业阶段参与者的代表性。此外，由于一项关键成果是在从事流域科学工作的联邦机构之间建立沟通渠道，这项支持还将确保来自关键区域观测站的活跃的国家科学基金会研究人员和其他人员参加这些工作。这次研讨会是确保水质保护的必要的第一步，也是保护饮用水、农业、娱乐和维持野生动物利用所必需的研究。随着城市、州、地区和国家努力寻找未受污染的新水源，保护和留住清洁水源是21世纪一项至关重要的全球任务。研讨会的一个特别重点是揭示物理、生物和化学过程如何综合起来管理与流域提供的生态系统服务相关的水文和生物地球化学功能。特别地，这次研讨会将讨论分布式科学方法在流域科学中的应用——其目标是发展更加协调、一致和开放的研究网络。主要成果包括：(1)确定可修正或作为分布式科学方法模型的流域组成部分；(2)分析当前的流域建模工作，并讨论在更大的空间尺度（多流域到大陆）实施这些模型所需的数据；(3)制定现场采样和传感器开发策略；(4)系统分布科学计划实施带来的社会与科研挑战与机遇。本次讲习班和其他参与活动的主要成果将整理在一份可公开获取的讲习班报告中，该报告可公开获取。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Watersheds describe the organization of water moving across land. They can be as small as a footprint or large enough to encompass all the land that covers water draining from streams, into rivers, into the Chesapeake Bay, which ultimately connects with the Atlantic Ocean. Scientists from across universities and federal agencies (e.g. United States Geological Society, National Sciences Foundation, Department of Energy) are working to understand the fundamentals of watershed science, knowledge required to manage and keep water resources safe. Support from NSF requested here will enable the first workshop to address current knowledge gaps in the management of watershed systems, and specifically develop a cross-agency and institution community that can leverage existing research efforts, and develop new ones, to advance watershed science. This support will contribute to enhance the participant representation at this workshop, as funds will be used to increase gender, racial, and early-career stage participant representation. Moreover, since a key outcome is developing lines of communication between federal agencies working in watershed science, this support will also ensure active NSF researchers from Critical Zone Observatories and others are in attendance to engage with these efforts. This workshop is a necessary first step to ensure the protection of water quality, research necessary for preserving drinking, agriculture, recreation, and sustaining wildlife uses. As cities, states, regions, and countries try to find new sources of uncontaminated water, preserving and enchaining clean water is a vital global mission in the 21st century. A particular focus of the workshop is to reveal how physical, biological, and chemical processes integrate to govern hydrologic and biogeochemical function relevant to ecosystem services provided by watersheds. In particular this workshop will address applications of distributed science approaches to watershed science- with the goal to develop more coordinated, consistent, and open research networks. Key outcomes include (1) identifying the components of watersheds amendable to or as models for distributed science approaches, (2) analysis of the current watershed modeling efforts and discussion of what data is needed to implement these models across larger spatial scales (multi-watershed to continental), (3) development of field sampling and sensor development strategies, and (4) the social and research challenges and opportunities associated with the implementation of systematic distribute science plan. The key outcomes of this workshop and other engagement activities will be collated in a publicly available Workshop report, which can be publicly available.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.