No Alternatives? Protest in the Alter-Globalisation Movement between Opposition and Dissidence

自1999年所谓的西雅图之战以来，每一次世界经济机构的重大峰会都伴随着变革全球化运动的抗议。这些反复出现的、甚至部分是暴力的抗议活动是跨国民间社会对国际机构及其政策的激进抵制。但是，虽然运动可能在批评新自由主义或资本主义主导的全球化以及与之相关的国际机构方面是统一的，但在运动中联合起来的运动团体的目标和战略方面是最异质的。一些运动团体在既定的政治参与渠道内追求自己的目标，表现得像一种反对派。另一些人拒绝这些渠道，违反公认的政治参与规则，有时甚至使用暴力来实现其目标，从而表现出某种形式的不同政见。造成这些差异的原因鲜为人知。对激进化进程的研究往往侧重于运动层面，特别是国家运动，而跨国运动和运动团体尚未成为关注的中心。该项目希望通过分析Alterglobalisation运动背景下四个不同运动团体（Attac，Tute Bianche，Peoples Global Action，CrimeThink）内部和之间的激进化过程来缩小这一差距，以了解哪些因素将跨国抗议推向异议，哪些因素使他们放弃异议策略。根据运动团体的不同路径（从反对到持不同政见，反之亦然），该项目调查是否外部因素，如资源和政治机会或内部因素，即团体内的话语动态驱动激进化，以及这些因素相互作用的程度。为此，该项目采访了前活动分子，对各团体关于其战略和使命论述的文件进行了广泛的内容分析，并将这些文件与关于资源、政治机会和互动模式（与警察/反运动）的二手数据进行了比较。

Since the so-called Battle of Seattle in 1999 protests of the Alterglobalisation Movement have accompanied every major summit meeting of the world economic institutions. These recurring and partly even violent protests exemplify a radical resistance of part of transnational civil society against international institutions and their policies. But while the movement may be united in its critique of a neoliberal or capitalist dominated globalisation and the international institutions associated with it, it is most heterogenous regarding the aims and strategies of the movement groups that coalesce in the movement. Some movement groups pursue their aims within the established channels of political participation, acting like a form of opposition. Others reject these channels and violate the accepted rules of political participation and sometimes even use violence to further their aims, thus displaying a form of dissidence. The reasons for these differences are little-known. Research on radicalisation processes has often focused on the movement level and especially on national movements while transnational movements and movement groups have not been at the center of attention. The project wants to close this gap by analysing radicalisation processes within and between four different movement groups in the Alterglobalisation movement context (Attac, Tute Bianche, Peoples Global Action, CrimeThink) in order to understand which factors drive transnational protest into dissidence and which factors make them leave dissident strategies behind. Following the different paths of movement groups (from opposition to dissidence and vice versa), the project investigates whether external factors such as resources and political opportunities or internal factors, i.e. discursive dynamics within the groups drive radicalisation and in how far these factors interact. To do so, the project employs interviews with former activists, and extensive content analysis of documents from the groups concerning their strategy and mission discourses and compares those with secondary data on resources, political opportunities and interaction patterns (with the police/ counter-movements).