Planning Grant: Engineering Research Center for Wind Integrated with Storage for Energy Resilience (WISER)

就总新增容量而言，风能是全国和全球增长最快的能源;根据美国能源信息署（EIA）的数据，仅2019年全国就有8吉瓦的风能上网。 随着风能的净渗透率的增加，其随机输送的电力使得其难以用作电力网内的以需求为中心的可调度资源。 NSF ERC提出的题为“风能与储能集成以实现能源弹性”（WISER）的解决方案是将储能集成到风电场基础设施中，以促进按需经济地提供能源。解决这一挑战的机会是由最近出现的技术实现的，包括越来越多的大型风力涡轮机，风能自主控制的进步，以及最重要的是，化学，材料，热力学和能源经济分析的新突破。 在所有这些领域发展和转化基础科学将使一个涡轮机储存超过24小时的平均功率。 实现这一目标将需要高度整合的多学科学术研究和教育，以及与广泛的行业合作伙伴的密切合作，所有这些都将在新的NSF ERC的规划拨款中考虑，该项目名为风能与储能集成以实现能源弹性（WISER）。 ERC规划拨款用于风能与储能集成的高渗透率，将寻求利用这些不同领域的想法和概念的交叉授粉来揭示关键的基本技术，经济和社会问题。 这些问题将为ERC开发新一代具有成本效益的风能存储奠定基础，研究压缩空气储能，液态金属电池和液流电池直接集成到极端规模的涡轮机（10+ MW），风电场和电网本身。 实现这一目标需要在以下方面取得新的知识和突破：a）存储和风力技术在极端规模下的效率、格式化和耐久性，B）将存储与风能发电和电网基础设施集成并利用存储的策略，c）有效使用集成系统动态的自主功率控制，以及d）基于市场的收入设计和自适应性，以针对电网弹性和电力需求优化这些系统。 WISER计划拨款将通过新颖的学生实习，课程以及与将商业化，制造，安装和运营该技术的关键行业联盟的广泛参与，培养具有全球竞争力的多元化劳动力。通过这些深远的影响，WISER ERC将提供新一代的“按需可再生能源”，这将推动可再生能源渗透率的增加，并增强电网的弹性。 更广泛地说，这将直接提高美国的能源独立性，环境，基础设施，劳动力和全球制造业的领导地位。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

Wind energy represents the largest growing energy source nationally and globally in terms of total added capacity; with an expected 8 GW coming online nationally in 2019 alone according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). As the net penetration of wind energy increases, its random delivery of electricity makes it difficult to use as a demand-focused dispatchable resource within the electric power grid. The proposed solution of the NSF ERC entitled Wind Integrated with Storage for Energy Resilience (WISER) is to integrate energy storage into the wind farm infrastructure to facilitate the economic delivery of energy on demand. The opportunity to address this challenge is enabled by recent emergent technologies, including the growing number of larger wind turbines, advances in autonomous control of wind energy, and, most importantly, new breakthroughs in chemistry, materials, thermodynamics, and energy economic analysis. Developing and translating fundamental science in all these areas will allow more than 24 hours of average power to be stored in a single turbine. Achieving this will require highly integrated multidisciplinary academic research and education as well as strong engagement with a wide host of industry partners, all of which will be considered in the planning grant for a new NSF ERC entitled Wind Integrated with Storage for Energy Resilience (WISER). The ERC planning grant for high penetration of wind energy integrated with storage will seek to uncover the key fundamental technical, economic, and societal questions using cross-pollination of ideas and concepts across these different fields. These questions will set the stage for an ERC to develop a new generation of cost-effective wind storage by investigating compressed air energy storage, liquid metal batteries, and flow batteries directly integrated into extreme-scale turbines (10+ MW), wind farms, and the grid itself. Achieving this will require new knowledge and breakthroughs in: a) the efficiency, formatting, and durability of storage and wind technology at extreme-scales, b) strategies to integrate and leverage storage with wind energy generation and grid infrastructure, c) effective use of autonomous power control for the integrated system dynamics, and d) market-based revenue design and adaptivity to optimize these systems for grid resilience and power demand. The WISER planning grant will develop a globally- competitive diverse workforce through novel student internships, coursework, and pervasive engagement with the key industry alliances that will commercialize, manufacture, install and operate this technology. Through these profound impacts, the WISER ERC will provide a new generation of "renewable energy on demand" that will power increases in renewable energy penetration and enhance the resilience of the power grid. More broadly, this will directly enhance the USA's energy independence, environment, infrastructure, workforce, and global manufacturing leadership.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.