Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment-III (AMPERE-III)

2008年6月至2013年5月开展的活动磁层和行星电动力学响应实验(安培-II)一直持续到2020年2月，该实验利用Ir星座的卫星首次对近地空间环境中的电流进行了全球连续测量。自2010年1月1日以来的全球连续观测为涵盖广泛磁层-电离层科学的85多篇论文提供了丰富的科学产品。继这些以前的项目取得成功之后，该奖项将支持从Iridium Next卫星收集数据和开发数据产品作为社区资源。从2017年1月到2019年1月的8次发射中，由Iridium Communications Inc.发射了新一代75颗Iridium Next卫星，所有Next Space Vehicle(SVS)都成功发射并名义上运行。从旨在支持安培数据收集的Next Space Vehicle收集的数据将用于监测近地空间环境中的空间气象事件，重点是两极的电流。它将应用于各种现象，包括地磁暴和地磁感应电流的检查。数据被下行传输到约翰霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室(JHU/APL)，因为每个下一个SV都已投入使用，并以99%的连续采集和比以前的数据集更高的采样率继续进行。这些数据向科学界公开提供，用于了解和监测空间天气，用于研究目的。这些数据还被用于支持NASA和欧空局的任务，数据产品在NSF-NASA资助的社区协调建模中心提供。安培-NEXT数据集的采样率高于区块1上的采样率(Next上的8个S/样本，区块1上的19.4个S/样本)。校准分析确定了多个污染信号，这需要在安培-II下进行大量的校准工作。尽管如此，校准数据的最终精度已被证明比第一块数据高出3到4倍，这与NEXT卫星上的恒星相机系统提供的高精度知识是一致的。安培-III将提供全球伯克兰海流的关键观测和衍生产品以及分析工具，使更广泛的社区能够和便利进行研究，以便在每个领域取得重大进展。安培-III提供的新能力是：c1。安培-通过第25周期上升阶段的下一次采集；C2。第二代处理显著改进了所有安培数据的基线；C3。社区协调建模中心托管的模型和模拟相互比较工具；C4。与SuperMAG和SuperDARN联合分析/显示工具；C5。全球产品的区域反转；C6。半球间比较产品；C7。Iridium过渡时期的定制产品。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

The Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE), developed from Jun 2008 to May 2013, and continued as AMPERE-II through Feb 2020, provided the first global, continuous measurements of the electric currents in the near Earth space environment using the satellites of the Iridium constellation. Global, continuous observations from 1 Jan 2010 provided a wealth of science products for over 85 papers covering a wide range of magnetosphere-ionosphere science. Following the success of these previous projects, this award is to support the collection of data from the Iridium NEXT satellites and the development of data products as community resources. In eight launches from Jan 2017 through Jan 2019 the new generation of 75 Iridium NEXT satellites were launched by Iridium Communications Inc. and all NEXT Space Vehicles (SVs) were successfully commissioned and are operating nominally. The data collected from the NEXT Space Vehicles that are designed to support data collection for AMPERE, will be used to monitor the near-Earth space environment for space weather events, with specific focus on the electric currents at the poles. It will be applied to a variety of phenomena including examination of geomagnetic storms and geomagnetically induced currents. Data is downlinked and transferred to The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) as each NEXT SV was commissioned and has continued with 99% continuous acquisition and higher sampling rate than previous data sets. This data is openly available to the scientific community and used to understand and monitor space weather for research purposes. The data is also being used in support of NASA and ESA missions and data products are made available at the NSF-NASA funded Community Coordinated Modeling Center. The AMPERE-NEXT data set has a higher sampling rate than on Block 1 (8 s/sample on NEXT vs 19.4 s/sample on Block 1). Calibration analyses identified multiple contamination signals which required substantial effort to calibrate under AMPERE-II. Nonetheless, the final accuracy of the calibrated data has been shown to be 3 to 4 times better than from Block 1, consistent with the high precision knowledge provided by the star camera system on NEXT. AMPERE-III will provide key observations and derived products of the global Birkeland currents together with analysis tools to enable and facilitate research by the broader community to make major advances in each area. The new capabilities provided by AMPERE-III are: C1. AMPERE-NEXT acquisition through the ascending phase of Cycle 25; C2. Second-generation processing dramatically improving baselines for all AMPERE data; C3. Model & simulation inter-comparison tools hosted at the Community Coordinated Modeling Center; C4. Joint analysis/display tools with SuperMAG and SuperDARN; C5. Regional inversions in global products; C6. Inter-hemispheric comparison products; C7. Custom products for Iridium transition epoch.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.