Turbulence and vortices in two-dimensional Bose gases

二维玻色气体中的湍流和涡流

• 批准号: 0855467
• 负责人: Brian Anderson
• 金额: $ 48.92万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-06-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0855467&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Turbulence; vortices; two; dimensional; Bose

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Vortex dynamics in fluids and superfluids lie at the hearts of many important phenomena in physics, including turbulence and the breakdown of superconductivity. While successful models of the bulk properties of such phenomena have been produced, detailed microscopic descriptions that include the roles of vortices have been exceptionally difficult to develop. This NSF award supports research aimed at filling this crucial niche through the experimental study of Bose-Einstein condensates. Made of millions of trapped atoms in an ultracold vapor, Bose-Einstein condensates can be manipulated and detected in the laboratory with microscopic precision, and theoretically understood and modeled with techniques utilizing microscopic descriptions of atomic interactions and quantum mechanics. As the coldest known objects in the universe, dilute-gas condensates also act as coherent fluids and can be used to study fluid and superfluid phenomena in ways not possible before their first experimental observations in 1995. This research program integrates NSF-supported laboratory work with the theoretical efforts of international colleagues into a larger collaborative investigation of turbulence physics, phase transition dynamics, and new vortex creation and manipulation mechanisms in gaseous superfluids. This work pieces together some of the most difficult parts of the larger puzzle of building a microscopic understanding of vortex behavior, turbulence, and related phenomena in fluids and superfluids. The results of this research are thus expected to have significant and exciting broader impacts in the development of physics as a discipline, and in a wide area of specific fundamental and applied physics topics. By investigating new techniques for vortex manipulation, this study will also develop tools of utility to potential future techniques utilizing quantum-level information processing. As the education of students is certainly one of the most important aspects of federally sponsored research, this project involves undergraduate and graduate students; the education of both groups is key to maintaining national and international strength in science and technology. The majority of this award is allocated to the financial support of graduate students in order to teach these students state-of-the-art experimental techniques in a cutting-edge area of research, and more generally how to do high-quality independent research. These graduate students will carry on a tradition of technical excellence as they eventually merge into other laboratory settings, and will be suited to effectively teach research skills to future generations of graduate students.

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。流体和超流体中的涡旋动力学是物理学中许多重要现象的核心，包括湍流和超导性的崩溃。 虽然成功的模型，这种现象的整体性能已经产生，详细的微观描述，包括涡流的作用一直非常困难的发展。这个NSF奖项支持旨在通过玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验研究填补这一关键利基的研究。 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体由超冷蒸汽中数百万个被困原子组成，可以在实验室中以微观精度进行操作和检测，并利用原子相互作用和量子力学的微观描述技术进行理论上的理解和建模。 作为宇宙中已知最冷的物体，稀气体冷凝物也可以作为相干流体，并可以用于研究流体和超流体现象，这在1995年首次实验观察之前是不可能的。 该研究计划将NSF支持的实验室工作与国际同事的理论努力相结合，对湍流物理学，相变动力学以及气态超流体中新的涡旋产生和操纵机制进行了更大的合作研究。这项工作拼凑在一起的一些最困难的部分，更大的难题，建立一个微观的理解旋涡行为，湍流，以及相关的现象，在流体和超流体。 因此，这项研究的结果预计将在物理学作为一门学科的发展中产生重大和令人兴奋的更广泛的影响，并在特定的基础和应用物理主题的广泛领域。 通过研究涡旋操纵的新技术，本研究还将开发利用量子级信息处理的潜在未来技术的实用工具。 由于学生教育无疑是联邦资助研究的最重要方面之一，该项目涉及本科生和研究生;这两个群体的教育是保持国家和国际科技实力的关键。 该奖项的大部分分配给研究生的财政支持，以教授这些学生在前沿研究领域的最先进的实验技术，以及如何进行高质量的独立研究。 这些研究生将继续技术卓越的传统，因为他们最终合并到其他实验室设置，并将适合有效地教研究技能的研究生的后代。