MRI: Development: SWIMS--Standalone WIreless Magnetometer System

MRI：开发：SWIMS——独立无线磁力计系统

• 批准号: 0619609
• 负责人: Brian Anderson
• 金额: $ 72.09万
• 依托单位: Johns Hopkins University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0619609&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; SWIMS; Standalone; WIreless

The Standalone WIreless Magnetometer System (SWIMS) will meet critical needs in ionosphere-magnetosphere (M-I) research by providing the technology required to create the next generation of networks consisting of more than 100 ground magnetometer stations. Geomagnetically active times are both the most important and most challenging to study and at present we do not have the infrastructure needed follow the M-I system's electrodynamics during magnetic storms. This leaves a fundamental gap in our understanding. New observational capabilities are needed that can follow ionospheric electrodynamics through highly active periods with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to resolve both the global and smaller scale features of the dynamics. The SWIMS project will develop a new, low cost, high performance magnetometer and stand-alone observatory technology that can be deployed with minimum logistical support and maintenance. A SWIMS installation would consist of up to three solar/battery powered Sensor Modules (SM) that are linked via wireless, radio frequency (RF) connection to a Central Node (CN). The CN can also be solar/battery powered and provides communication to a central data facility. The CN communicates status information and science data via land line where available or via cell phone/satellite link when necessary. There are two technical problems that need to be solved. First, an observatory architecture is needed that is easy to install and maintain. Second, a system is needed that can tolerate and discriminate against transient local magnetic contamination. SWIMS addresses these challenges as follows. New magnetometer: SWIMS uses new Mirror Image Differential Induction Amplitude Magnetometer (MIDIAM) technology with demonstrated performance that meets the needs of ground observations of ionospheric electrodynamics. The MIDIAM sensor and electronics are readily adaptable to low power applications and production in quantity while maintaining performance comparable to existing science-grade magnetometers required for the ground magnetometer science. Wireless: SWIMS solves sensor cabling and logistical (power) constraints by using a wireless system that is self-contained, using a solar/battery power system and a low power RF link in a single stand-alone SM. The technology will allow wireless installation over distances up to 300 yards between SMs and the CN which also communicates via wireless links to the central data facility. This completely standalone system is essential to reduce deployment and operations costs for future networks consisting of hundreds of sites. Multiple sensors: Because the MIDIAM is low cost and because each SM is wireless, SWIMS can use more than one SM at a single site to mitigate noise issues. Analysis of signals from multiple sensors allows for the removal of local noise sources, such as vehicles. Under this project a prototype SWIMS system of three sensor modules communicating via local RF link to a CN will be developed and tested.

独立无线磁强计系统将提供创建由100多个地面磁强计站组成的下一代网络所需的技术，从而满足电离层-磁层研究的关键需要。地磁活动时间是最重要和最具挑战性的研究，目前我们还没有必要的基础设施，遵循磁暴期间M-I系统的电动力学。这在我们的理解中留下了一个根本性的差距。需要有新的观测能力，能够在高度活跃时期跟踪电离层电动力学，并具有足够的空间和时间分辨率，以解决全球和较小规模的动态特征。SWIMS项目将开发一种新的、低成本、高性能的磁强计和独立观测技术，这种技术可以在最低限度的后勤支持和维护下部署。SWIMS安装将由多达三个太阳能/电池供电的传感器模块（SM）组成，这些传感器模块通过无线射频（RF）连接到中央节点（CN）。CN也可以是太阳能/电池供电的，并提供与中央数据设施的通信。CN通过可用的陆线或必要时通过手机/卫星链路传递状态信息和科学数据。有两个技术问题需要解决。首先，需要一个易于安装和维护的观测站结构。第二，需要一个系统，可以容忍和歧视瞬态局部磁污染。SWIMS解决这些挑战如下。新的磁力计：SWIMS使用新的镜像差分感应幅度磁力计（MIDIAM）技术，其性能已得到验证，可满足电离层电动力学地面观测的需要。MIDIAM传感器和电子器件可轻松适应低功耗应用和批量生产，同时保持与地面磁力计科学所需的现有科学级磁力计相当的性能。无线：SWIMS通过使用独立的无线系统、使用太阳能/电池电源系统和单个独立SM中的低功率RF链路来解决传感器布线和后勤（电力）限制。 该技术将允许在SM和CN之间的距离高达300码的无线安装，CN也通过无线链路与中央数据设施进行通信。这种完全独立的系统对于降低未来由数百个站点组成的网络的部署和运营成本至关重要。多个传感器：由于MIDIAM成本低，并且每个SM都是无线的，因此SWIMS可以在单个站点使用多个SM来减轻噪声问题。对来自多个传感器的信号进行分析可以消除本地噪声源，例如车辆。在这个项目下，将开发和测试一个由三个传感器模块组成的SWIMS原型系统，该系统通过本地RF链路与CN通信。