Extending the Reach of Gravitational-Wave Detectors to Detect Post-Merger Signals from Binary Neutron Stars

该奖项支持相对论和相对论天体物理学的研究，并解决了NSF“宇宙之窗”大理念的优先领域。多信使引力波（GW）天文学已经证明自己能够回答有关重元素合成和宇宙膨胀率的基本问题。这里开发的新方法将研究非天体物理噪声源，包括地震和地球磁场，并从数据中消除这些影响。除了来自其他天体物理来源（例如爆炸星或新生中子星星的发射）的GW之外，它还将使探测更多的中子星星和黑洞合并成为可能。这项工作将利用GW天文学的兴奋，建立一个新的外展计划，重点是明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗的GW。该小组将利用这些活动来帮助学生了解LIGO是什么以及它如何检测GW信号，以便使新一代年轻科学家能够接触和使用这一领域。多信使引力波（GW）天文学随着紧凑双星系统合并的检测而到来。随着Advanced LIGO和Advanced Virgo向设计灵敏度迈进，需要继续做出新的努力来表征探测器并从数据中减去已知的物理效应。这项工作使探测更紧凑的双星成为可能，也使从其他天体物理来源发现GW成为可能。沿着仪器的不断进步，GW天文学的实现关键取决于数据分析能力的持续进步。为了显著提高先进探测器的科学覆盖范围，该项目将开发新的观测运行数据的技术和领先搜索。改进的搜索长持续时间的爆发GW从紧凑的二进制合并和其他来源将增加我们的灵敏度属于一个天体物理学的重要部门的参数空间的信号。确定和描述地震环境的工作将增加观测台的可用观测时间，最大限度地提高其灵敏度和可观测性。非线性信号相减的新技术能够显示从干涉仪数据中提取的所有信息，有助于理解探测器并提高灵敏度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award supports research in relativity and relativistic astrophysics and it addresses the priority areas of NSF's "Windows on the Universe" Big Idea. Multi-messenger gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy has already shown itself capable of answering fundamental questions about the synthesis of heavy elements and the expansion rate of the Universe. New methods developed here will study the non-astrophysical noise sources, including earthquakes and Earth-wide magnetic fields, and remove those effects from the data. It will also make it possible to detect more neutron star and black hole mergers, in addition to GWs from other astrophysical sources such as exploding stars or the emission from a newly-born neutron star. This work will capitalize on the excitement of GW astronomy to build a new outreach program with a focus on GWs to Minneapolis and St. Paul. The group will use these activities to help students understand what LIGO is and how it detects GW signals in order to make this field accessible and available to a new generation of young scientists.Multi-messenger gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy has arrived with the detection of the merger of compact binary systems. With Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo pushing towards design sensitivity, continued and new efforts to characterize the detectors and subtract known physical effects from the data is required. This work enables the possibility of detecting more compact binaries, as well as discoveries of GWs from other astrophysical sources. Along with the ongoing advances in instrumentation, the realization of GW astronomy depends critically on continued advances in data analysis capabilities. With the goal of significantly increasing the science reach of the advanced detectors, this project will develop techniques and lead searches with new observing run data. The improved search for long-duration burst GWs from compact binary mergers and other sources will increase our sensitivity to signals belonging to an astrophysically important sector of parameter space. Work on the identification and characterization of the seismic environments will increase the available observing time for the observatories, maximizing both their sensitivity and uptime. The new techniques for subtraction of non-linear signals illuminate all of the information that is possible to extract from the interferometer data, supporting understanding of the detector and increasing sensitivity.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.