Joint, parameter-free reconstruction of the mass distribution in galaxy clusters from all available data sets

作为宇宙中最大的引力束缚结构，星系团对我们理解宇宙结构形成的尝试起着重要的作用。此外，它们的内部结构允许约束暗物质的一些特性。本文提出的项目旨在从强引力透镜效应和弱引力透镜效应、x射线发射、热Sunyaev-Zeldovich效应和星系团星系运动学的数据中获得星系团内物质分布的联合重建，并尽可能少地采用偏见。该项目将基于一种现有的算法，允许在自适应网格上联合分析来自强引力透镜效应和弱引力透镜效应的数据。额外的观测将通过物理模型和正则解投影与星系团的引力势联系起来。然后，引力势可以被投影出来，并与引力透镜效应结合起来。我们提出的研究的主要目标是分别对我们的算法进行实质性的扩展，开发合适的物理模型，以及在最大可行范围内放宽限制对称性和稳定性的假设。完成后，将提供一个基本无参数的自适应算法，该算法将星系团的所有类型的观测数据结合在一起，共同重建星系团的质量分布。

Being the largest gravitationally bound structures in the Universe, galaxyclusters play an important role for our attempts at understanding cosmic structure formation. Furthermore, their internal structure allows to constrain some of the properties of the Dark Matter. The project proposed here intends to obtain joint reconstructions of the matter distribution ingalaxy clusters from data of the strong and weak gravitational lensing effects, the X-ray emission, the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect and the kinematics of cluster galaxies, applying as little prejudice as possible.The project will be based on an existing algorithm allowing to jointly analyse data from the strong and weak gravitational lensing effects on an adaptive grid. The additional observables will be related to the gravitational potential of the galaxy clusters by physical models and regularised deprojection. The gravitational potential can then be projected and combined with the gravitational lensing effects. The respective substantial extension of our algorithm, the development of suitable physical models and the relaxation of restricting symmetry and stability assumptions to the largest feasible extent are substantial goals of the proposed research. When completed, an essentially parameter-free, adaptive algorithm will be provided which combines all types of observational data from galaxy clusters in joint reconstructions of their mass distribution.