Migration narratives in Ancient Near Eastern Studies (ca. 1870-1930)

在19世纪和20世纪的古典和古代研究中，移民总是被用来解释文化和历史的变化：他们作为历史标志或时代门槛，在地理历史区域的建设中起着关键作用。这种模式被称为迁移主义，不能简单地根据个别学科的历史来解释，而必须从它与科学和历史背景的复杂相互作用中来看待。移民主义与固定的政治和科学立场或运动无关。由于这个原因，不能用基于历史或意识形态的方法来充分解释它。相比之下，该项目将古代研究中的迁移模型视为叙事：依靠对科学史和史学的叙事方法，它将显示出它们的持久性和说服力在很大程度上取决于如何实际描述迁移。本书的重点是反复出现的叙事模式，这些叙事模式被用来描述迁徙或定居的历史群体，将地理历史区域描述为迁徙的起点或到达点，并最终将它们联系起来，形成连贯的史学叙述。该项目应被视为一个基线和探索性研究，重点是在特定的史学背景下移民叙事的起源和转变。移民主题一直在近东的宗教和文化解释中发挥着特殊作用，直到历史上的反犹太建筑。此外，1900年前后德国的东方研究与当代地缘政治密切相关。因此，本研究的重点是1870年至1933年间的古代近东研究。这包括古代近东的当代研究（亚述学和考古学）的文献学和基于材料的分支，以及学校书籍和博物馆代表。基于文本方法以及视觉研究和博物馆学的新方法，重点研究了代表性莫迪的叙事多样性之间的相互作用。鉴于现代科学的跨国性质，也将研究其他欧洲国家的类似发展。随后，该项目的目标是深入了解移民叙事的背景：一方面，与地缘政治概念的联系，另一方面，东方研究与所谓的犹太人问题辩论之间的关系。

In the classical and ancient studies of the 19th and 20th centuries migrations were always used to ex-plain cultural and historical change: They acted as historical landmarks or epochal thresholds and played a key role in the construction of geo-historical areas. This model has been called migrationism and cannot simply be explained on the basis of the history of individual disciplines, but must be seen in its complex interaction with scientific and historical contexts. Migrationism does not relate to fixed political and scientific positions or movements. For this reason, it cannot be explained adequately by using a historical or ideological based approach. In contrast, the project sees migration models in ancient studies as narratives: Relying on narratological approaches to the history of science and historiography it will be shown that their persistence and persuasiveness depend very much on how migrations are actually depicted. The focus is on recurring narrative patterns that are used to describe historical groups as migratory or sedentary, to describe geo-historical areas as the point of departure or the point of arrival for migrations and finally to link them into coherent historiographical accounts.The project should be seen as a baseline and exploratory study and focuses on the origin and trans-formation of migration narratives in a particular historiographical context. Migration motifs have always played a special role in the religious and cultural interpretation of the Near East up to anti-Jewish constructions of history. Furthermore, oriental studies in Germany around 1900 were closely linked to contemporary geopolitics. For that reason, the study focuses on the constituent Ancient Near Eastern Studies between ca. 1870 and 1933. This includes the philological and the material-based branch of contemporary research on the ancient Near East (assyrology and archaeology) as well as school books and museum representations. Based on textual methods as well as on new approaches in visual studies and museology, the interplay between the narrative varieties of the representative modi is in focus. In view of the transnational character of modern sciences, parallel developments in other European countries will also be researched. Subsequently, the project´s aim is to gain insights into the context of migration narratives: On the one hand, the linkage with geopolitical concepts and, on the other hand, the relation between oriental studies and the debate on the so called Jewish question.