Compositionally-Complex Fluorite-based Oxides

非技术描述：该项目探索和扩展了萤石基晶体结构中一种新的成分复杂的氧化物，这种氧化物类似于立方氧化锆宝石，但通常含有五个或更多金属阳离子。这些新材料可以表现出特殊的性能，比如在机械上坚硬的同时具有隔热性能。这一基础研究深入到了一个新的研究领域，创造了新的陶瓷类别。展望了新型热障涂层在保护飞机、船舶和陆基发电厂中使用的燃气轮机发动机方面的潜在应用。此外，创造新的隔热陶瓷可能会在其他领域产生影响。例如，这些材料可用于提高集中式太阳能发电厂的太阳能热能发电效率和降低成本。该项目在航空航天、国防和能源行业的陶瓷科学和技术的制造相关关键领域培训和指导不同的学生。技术细节：本研究项目将高熵陶瓷(HECS)的新兴领域扩展到以萤石基氧化物为模型体系的成分复杂陶瓷(CCCS)。这项研究通过无序和有序之间的相互作用，提供了在广阔的组成空间中定制和改进属性的机会。一个中心的科学假设是，CCCS中的无序与有序性可以被用来调整相稳定性、纳米尺度的异质性以及热学和力学性质，其中中熵组成的性能可以超过它们的高熵组成。对无序、短程和长程有序、氧空位和异质性的基本理解具有广泛的科学意义。研究生和本科生在陶瓷科学和技术这一至关重要的支柱领域接受指导和培训。西班牙裔高中生和大学生通过暑期研究项目得到启发和培训。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: This project explores and expands a new class of compositionally -complex oxides in the fluorite-based crystal structure, which resemble the cubic zirconia gemstone but often contain five or more metal cations. These new materials can exhibit exceptional properties, such as having thermal insulation while being mechanically stiff and hard. This fundamental research delves into a new research field to create new classes of ceramics. Potential applications as new classes of thermal barrier coatings to protect gas turbine engines used in airplanes, ships, and land-based power plants are envisioned. Moreover, creating new thermally insulating ceramics can have impacts in other fields. For example, these materials may be used to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of solar thermal energy generation in concentrated solar power plants. This project trains and mentors diverse students in a manufacturing-related critical area of ceramic science and technology for the aerospace, defense, and energy industries. TECHNICAL DETAILS: This research project broadens the emerging field of high-entropy ceramics (HECs) to compositionally complex ceramics (CCCs) using the fluorite-based oxides as model systems. This research provides opportunities to tailor and improve properties in a vast compositional space via the interplay between disorder and order. A central scientific hypothesis is that the disorder versus order in CCCs can be utilized to tailor the phase stability, nanoscale heterogeneity, and thermal and mechanical properties, where medium-entropy compositions can outperform their high-entropy counterparts. The fundamental understandings of disorders, short- and long-range orders, oxygen vacancies, and heterogeneity have broad scientific implications. Graduate and undergraduate students are mentored and trained in a critically important mainstay area of ceramic science and technology. Hispanic high school and college students are inspired and trained through summer research projects.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.