Collaborative Research: Development of Realistic Seismic Input Motions for Improving the Resilience of Infrastructure to Earthquakes

从稀疏测量的地震地面运动数据重建感兴趣领域中的地震波场的能力可以帮助工程师准确地建模地震期间的潜在破坏，提高安全性并降低成本。真实的地震地面运动对于改善工程师、业主和监管机构对基础设施的设计和评估至关重要。尽管从现代传感器（例如，加速度计、光缆等），没有建立的方法可以从三维（3D）近表面域中的测量重建全部3分量（3C）入射波场。该抗灾研究赠款（DRRG）项目将通过开发一种新方法来解决这一需求，该方法用于根据现场测量结果在基础设施附近的土壤/岩石体积内重建完整的3C地震波场。通过这种方法得到的3C地震波场解释了当地的地质和变化，并可以作为一个现实的地震运动输入到模型的结构和基础设施，以评估其性能在earthquakes.Current使用的一个组成部分（1C）运动的水平和垂直地震shaking引入了一些认识，建模的不确定性到土-结构相互作用分析。区域尺度的波动模型需要有关震源的信息，以及在所生成的地震运动中引入大的认识和偶然的参数不确定性的深层和浅层地质。该项目将开发一种方法来解决这些问题，并提供准确，逼真的地震运动，这将改善地震-土壤-结构相互作用（ESSI）行为的建模和模拟。因此，将改进基础设施和生命线的设计及其地震反应评估，从而提高对地震负荷的复原力。该方法将被集成到一个公共领域的程序，Real-ESSI模拟器（http：real-essi.us）。该方法将可扩展到各种类型的测量模式（例如，完全平移3C、6C（平移3C与旋转3C）、仅垂直1C或由离散位置处的加速度计测量的完全3C运动的幅度、由基于视觉的传感器测量的表面振动或由光缆测量的沿线3C运动）。一个咨询小组将提供有关该项目的反馈意见，以促进将研究成果转化为工业实践。PI将开发关于“ESSI系统的逆向建模”的在线教育材料。这样的教育努力和材料将有助于教育不仅在这个项目工作的学生，而且也本科生和研究生世界各地，以及实践工程师与ESSI行为建模的兴趣。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

The ability to reconstruct a seismic wave field in a domain of interest from sparsely-measured seismic ground motion data can help engineers to accurately model potential damage during earthquakes, improve safety, and reduce costs. Realistic seismic ground motions are essential for improving design and assessment of infrastructure by engineers, owners, and regulators. Although a large amount of ground motion data are available from modern sensors (e.g., accelerometers, optical cables, etc.), no established method can reconstruct the full 3 component (3C) incident wave field from the measurements in a three dimensional (3D) near-surface domain. This Disaster Resilience Research Grants (DRRG) project will address this need by developing a new method for reconstructing a full, 3C seismic wave field within a soil/rock volume adjacent to infrastructure from field measurements. The resulting 3C seismic wave field obtained by this approach accounts for local geology and variability, and can be used as a realistic seismic motion input into models of structures and infrastructure to assess their performance during earthquakes.Current use of one component (1C) motions for horizontal and vertical seismic shaking introduces a number of epistemic, modeling uncertainties into soil-structure interaction analysis. Regional-scale wave models need information about seismic sources, and deep and shallow geology that introduces large epistemic and aleatory, parametric uncertainties in the generated seismic motions. This project will develop a method for resolving these issues and providing accurate, realistic seismic motions that will improve modeling and simulation of earthquake-soil-structure interaction (ESSI) behavior. Consequently, design of infrastructure and lifelines and assessment of their earthquake response will be improved, resulting in increased resilience to seismic loading. The method will be integrated into a public domain program, Real-ESSI simulator (http://real-essi.us). The methodology will be scalable to various types of measurement modes (e.g., full translational 3C, 6C (translational 3C with rotational 3C), vertical-only 1C or the amplitude of full-3C motions measured by accelerometers at discrete locations, surface vibrations measured by vision-based sensors, or 3C motions-along-lines measured by optical cables). An advisory panel will provide feedback on the project to facilitate translation of the research into industrial practice. The PIs will develop online educational material on 'Inverse Modeling for ESSI Systems'. Such educational effort and material will help educate not only students working on this project, but also undergraduate and graduate students worldwide, as well as practicing engineers with interest in modeling of ESSI behavior.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.