Employer and Employee Behaviors, Experiences, and Perceptions of the COVID-19 Pandemic

摘要在发现新冠肺炎一年多后，它继续对我们的社会产生深远的影响。它的影响远远超出了对身体健康的直接影响：学校和工作场所关闭的后果影响到劳动力供求、财务健康、心理健康和全球经济。即使已经有了疫苗，经济复苏也可能是不均衡的，对那些已经在经济和心理上脆弱的人造成更大的影响，包括工薪父母和服务业工人，他们已经承受了就业不稳定和低工资的最大负担。该项目将收集2021年至2022年年中期间美国工薪阶层经历的新数据，以揭示哪些因素与新冠肺炎大流行后期的经济和心理健康结果有关。拟议数据收集的目标是追踪新冠肺炎大流行和不同政策应对措施对心理健康和劳动力市场结果的影响，以加强对就业、工作条件、经济福祉和心理健康之间联系的了解。该项目旨在收集兰德美国生活小组(ALP)的纵向调查数据，该小组是一个具有全国代表性的基于概率的美国成年参与者小组，定期通过互联网接受采访。拟议的数据收集将使人们能够分析新冠肺炎疫情以及按行业、职业和地点划分的政策反应对个人就业、收入和生产率以及经济福祉和心理健康的影响。标准调查没有提供足够的信息，包括雇主的适应情况、雇员的适应行为，或者就业结果、财务状况和心理困扰之间的个人层面的联系，从而无法解决这些问题。拟议的数据收集将建立在之前由NSF资助的调查的基础上，调查美国工人在疫情爆发的头一年半期间的经历。此外，拟议的数据收集将建立在先前工作的基础上，使用与持续到大流行期间的欧洲工作条件的大型长期调查相协调的数据来检查大流行之前的一套全面的美国工作条件。这一奖励反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

AbstractMore than a year after its discovery, COVID-19 continues to have a profound effect on our society. Its impacts extend far beyond the direct physical health effects: the consequences of school and work closures affect labor supply and demand, financial health, mental health, and the global economy. Even as vaccines have become available, economic recovery is likely to be uneven, with larger impacts among those who are already financially and psychologically vulnerable, including working parents and service sector workers who already bear the greatest burden of unstable employment and low wages. This project will collect new data on the experiences of working Americans for the period 2021 - mid-2022 to shed light on what factors are associated with the economic and mental health outcomes in the later stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of the proposed data collection is to trace the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and differential policy responses on mental health and labor market outcomes in order to enhance the understanding of the links between employment, working conditions, financial well-being, and mental health. The project is aimed to collect longitudinal survey data in the RAND American Life Panel (ALP), a nationally representative, probability-based panel of U.S. adult participants who are regularly interviewed over the internet. The proposed data collection will enable analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and policy response by industry, occupation, and location on individuals’ employment, earnings, and productivity, as well as their financial well-being and mental health. Standard surveys do not capture sufficient information about employers’ accommodations, employees’ adaptive behaviors, or individual-level links between employment outcomes, financial well-being, and psychological distress to address these questions. The proposed data collection will build on prior NSF-funded surveys examining American workers’ experiences during the first year and a half of the pandemic. Moreover, the proposed data collection will build on prior work examining a comprehensive set of American working conditions prior to the pandemic using data that are harmonized to a large, long-running survey of working conditions in Europe that continued into the pandemic.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.