Temporal-Spatial Control of Electric-Driven Water Facilities for Renewable Energy Management under Combinatorial Operation Modes of Contingency Response and Nexus

利用可再生能源来满足社会的能源需求有望有助于解决对气候变化的担忧。然而，风能和太阳能等可再生能源的不稳定性给这些可再生能源的高渗透率带来了巨大挑战。鉴于水部门的电能消耗不断增加，配电系统（PDS）和配水系统（WDS）之间的相互作用变得越来越强。这引起了人们对协调PDS和WDS的可再生能源管理（REM）业务的兴趣。但是，公共数据系统和妇女数据系统的运作没有得到很好的协调，因为在大多数情况下，这两个系统由不同的实体拥有和运作。该项目旨在通过设计一个综合的公共发展系统和妇女发展系统协调框架来缓解这一问题。拟议的框架考虑了以下情况下的PDS和WDS的协调：1）由不同实体或单一实体拥有和运营; 2）具有由地理和气候特征决定的不同特性（例如，城市与农村，岛屿与沙漠）。为了提高正常运行中的REM效率以及系统对突发事件的应变能力，将在协调框架下制定时空控制策略，允许运营商控制电力驱动的水设施进行储能。该项目将：1）设计不同地理/气候区域能源-水协调的组合框架，包括正常运行模式和应急响应模式; 2）开发时间-空间控制方案以实现组合协调框架，其中第一级和第二级时间控制响应于由可再生电力波动引起的应急，而第三级时间控制是空间优化; 3）在城市规模系统的分散方案和小社区系统的分布式方案下有效地解决空间优化问题; 4）通过计算机模拟在两个真实世界系统上验证所提出的方法，并产生可公开访问的数据集。这项研究，其中包括电力，水，优化和控制，将推进知识处理耦合能源和水网络。该项目的成果旨在提高两个关键基础设施部门的整体效率和弹性，也可能适用于其他关键基础设施，如天然气和运输系统。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Using renewable energy to meet society's energy needs promises to help address concerns about climate change. However, the intermittency of renewable power, such as wind and solar power, incurs great challenges for high penetration of these renewable energies. Given that the water sector has increasing consumption of electric energy, the interactions between the power distribution systems (PDS) and water distribution systems (WDS) are becoming stronger. This raises interest in coordinating the operations of PDS and WDS for renewable energy management (REM). However, the operation of PDS and WDS are not well coordinated because for most cases the two systems are owned and operated by different entities. This project aims at mitigating this issue by designing a comprehensive framework of PDS and WDS coordination. The proposed framework considers the coordination of PDSs and WDSs that: 1) are owned and operated by different entities or by single entities; and 2) possess different characteristics determined by geographical and climatic features (e.g., urban versus rural, island versus desert). For the purposes of improving REM efficiency in normal operations and also the system’s resilience for contingencies, a temporal-spatial control strategy will be developed under the coordination framework that allows operators to control electricity-driven water facilities for energy storage.This project will: 1) design a combinatorial framework for energy-water coordination in different geographical/climatic regions, with inclusion of a normal operations mode and a contingency response mode; 2) develop a temporal-spatial control scheme to implement the combinatorial coordination framework, where the first and second levels of temporal controls respond to contingencies caused by renewable power fluctuation while the third level temporal control is a spatial optimization; 3) solve the spatial optimization problem effectively under a decentralized scheme for city-scale systems and a distributed scheme for small-community systems; and 4) validate the proposed approaches on two real-world systems via computer simulations, and produce publicly accessible datasets. This research, which encompasses power, water, optimization, and control, will advance knowledge for handling coupled energy and water networks. The outcomes of this project are targeted to improve the overall efficiency and resilience of the two critical infrastructure sectors, and may also be applicable to other critical infrastructure, such as gas and transportation systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.