Collaborative Research: NNA Research: Interactions of natural and social systems with climate change, globalization, and infrastructure development in the Arctic

新北极航行（NNA）是NSF的十大创意之一。NNA项目解决快速变化的北极地区的趋同科学挑战。北极研究需要为国家、更大地区和地球仪的经济、安全和复原力提供信息。NNA授权从地方到国际规模的新的研究伙伴关系，使下一代北极研究人员多样化，加强正规和非正规教育的努力，并在适当的情况下整合知识的共同生产。该奖项通过解决以下NNA领域的社会系统，自然环境和建筑环境之间的相互作用实现了这一目标的一部分：北极居民，数据和观测，预测，全球影响和弹性基础设施。季节性变化、永久冻土融化以及今天北极极端天气状况的发生，导致了自然和人类世界的级联效应。植物和动物正在改变它们的季节性和分布模式。这些变化给北方人民的生计带来了更大的压力，他们对自然世界的依赖与天气和季节性有关。全球化，如工业和城市中心的不断增加，也对北极苔原和土著人民的生计产生了前所未有的影响。通过考虑多种气候和社会经济驱动因素对日益工业化的北极地区的影响，该项目明确了对依赖驯鹿放牧经济的北极社区的福祉构成或代表潜在威胁的过程。该项目与代表土著社区、地区政府和工业部门的各种利益攸关方共同产生知识。该项目将多个学科联系起来，为下一代科学家提供培训机会，并通过机构间课程论坛和公共宣传活动提供更广泛的接触机会。该项目的目标是了解苔原地区的自然，社会和人造环境系统如何在应对压力时相互联系。该项目研究：（1）高大植被如何影响动物和驯鹿牧民，以及以人类活动为条件的反馈机制;（2）不断变化的积雪影响食物网和动物种群动态，改变驯鹿牧民和其他利益攸关方的决策;（3）建筑环境影响驯鹿放牧制度，以及产业工人与土著人民之间的互动关系和这些群体对环境的看法;（4）驯鹿管理、社会机构和驯鹿产品市场影响社区的复原力、土著传统和习俗以及景观结构。俄罗斯的亚马尔地区是一个理想的地点，因为它横跨北极五个生物气候分区中的四个，并在1980年代后期对亚马尔进行了前所未有的大规模调查，以及对苏联时代驯鹿牧民进行了大量的人类学研究。该项目与地区利益相关者合作，测试多系统对夏季和冬季供暖变化的响应假设，工业活动的日益增加，以及北方人民日益复杂的社会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) is one of NSF's 10 Big Ideas. NNA projects address convergence scientific challenges in the rapidly changing Arctic. The Arctic research is needed to inform the economy, security and resilience of the Nation, the larger region and the globe. NNA empowers new research partnerships from local to international scales, diversifies the next generation of Arctic researchers, enhances efforts in formal and informal education, and integrates the co-production of knowledge where appropriate. This award fulfills part of that aim by addressing interactions among social systems, natural environment, and built environment in the following NNA areas: Arctic Residents, Data and Observation, Forecasting, Global Impact, and Resilient Infrastructure. Seasonality shifts, thawing permafrost, and the occurrence of extreme weather conditions in the Arctic today have led to cascading effects in the natural and human worlds. Plants and animals are changing their seasonality and ranging patterns. These changes put increased pressure on livelihoods of peoples of the North, whose dependence on the natural world is tied to weather and seasonality. Globalization, such as the growing presence of industrial and urban centers, also impacts the Arctic tundra and livelihoods of Indigenous peoples as never before. By considering impacts of multiple climatic and socioeconomic drivers on the functioning of an increasingly industrialized Arctic region, this project crystalizes processes that are or represent potential threats to the well-being of Arctic communities relying on reindeer herding economy. This project co-produces knowledge with various stakeholders representing the Indigenous community, regional government, and industry sectors. The project links numerous disciplines and provides training opportunities for the next generation of scientists as well as broader exposure via an inter-institutional course-forum and public outreach events.The goal of this project is to understand how the natural, social, and built environment systems within a tundra region are linked in their responses to stressors. This project examines how (1) tall vegetation impacts animals and reindeer herders, and feedback mechanisms conditioned on human activities; (2) changing snowpack influences food webs and animal population dynamics, and alters decision-making by reindeer herders and other stakeholders; (3) the built environment affects the reindeer herding system, as well as interactions between industrial workers and indigenous people and perceptions of the environment by these groups; and (4) reindeer management, social institutions, and markets for reindeer products affect community resilience, indigenous traditions and practices, and landscape structure. The Yamal region of Russia is an ideal site as it spans four of the five Arctic bioclimatic subzones and has an unprecedented large-scale survey of Yamal in the late 1980s as well as voluminous Soviet-era anthropological research on reindeer herders. This project works with regional stakeholders to test hypotheses of multi-system responses to changes in summer and winter heating, growing presence of industrial activities, and increasing social complexities in peoples of the North.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.