National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Renewal 2023-2027

强磁场是科学研究的有力工具，具有广泛的技术应用。最受欢迎的应用包括用于医疗诊断的磁共振成像、高速磁悬浮列车和发电。科学家们利用高磁场来探索新的物理现象，开发下一代计算机的材料，克服能源挑战，并增加我们对人类大脑和生命的了解。该奖项授予佛罗里达州立大学，支持2023-2027年国家高磁场实验室（NHMFL）的运行。NHMFL拥有许多世界纪录的磁铁系统，位于三个地点：佛罗里达州立大学，佛罗里达大学和洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室。每年，来自世界各地学术界、政府实验室和工业界的1600多名科学家来到NHMFL站点，使用强大的磁铁和最先进的仪器进行材料科学、凝聚态物理、化学、生物学以及磁铁技术的研究。这项研究的结果每年发表在400多篇论文中，并导致创业公司的创建。NHMFL的磁体科学与技术部门和先进超导中心满足实验室的使命，即开发新材料和建立新的磁体系统，以推进高磁场科学的前沿。NHMFL的使命还包括教育和培训下一代科学家，以及提高更广泛科学界的科学意识。包括500名本科生和研究生，200名博士后学者和250名早期职业科学家在内的大量科学家将NHMFL作为他们的训练场。NHMFL通过课堂教学、夏令营和冬令营、实习、参观以及基于网络的互动教程和活动，为成千上万的K-12学生、教师和公众提供服务。由NHMFL的科学和技术人员组织的开放日活动每年吸引超过10,000名公众成员进行动手实验。NHMFL包括七个用户设施：稳态或直流场，电子磁共振，核磁共振和佛罗里达州立大学的离子回旋共振；洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室脉冲场；以及佛罗里达大学的高B/T和高级磁共振成像和光谱学。用户访问通过竞争性提案审查流程提供。磁场通过与电子自旋、轨道和电流的耦合来探测和操纵量子材料，控制核自旋，在能量或长度尺度上施加可公度，破坏对称性和/或诱导磁漩涡。NHMFL的科学研究主要集中在但不限于推进我们对七个广泛领域的理解：(a)量子材料中电子相互作用产生的紧急行为；(b)拓扑学在量子物质中产生新物理学中的作用；(c)探索从单层到多层再到层间取向扭曲的多层结构的原子薄材料所揭示的新物理；(d)利用核磁共振和电子磁共振提取复杂（通常是无序的）材料的原子级描述，包括催化剂、玻璃和电池；(e)在生理和体内条件下，对代谢物、生物分子组装和活生物体使用共振技术来测量结构、动力学和发育；(f)使用离子回旋共振在分子水平上探测化学复杂的有机混合物，从溶解的有机物到人为污染物；(g)研究推进磁体技术所需的高强度导体和超导体。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

High magnetic fields are a powerful tool for scientific research, and have wide spread technological applications. The most popular applications include magnetic resonance imaging for medical diagnosis, high-speed magnetic levitation trains, and power generation. Scientists use high magnetic fields to explore new physical phenomena, develop materials for future generation computers, overcome energy challenges, and increase our understanding of the human brain and life in general.This award to Florida State University supports the operation of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) in 2023-2027. Home to many world-record magnet systems, the NHMFL is located at three sites: Florida State University, the University of Florida and the Los Alamos National Laboratory. More than one thousand six hundred scientists from academia, government laboratories, and industry around the world come to the NHMFL sites each year, and use the powerful magnets and state-of-the-art instruments for research in materials science, condensed matter physics, chemistry, biology, as well as magnet technology. The results of this research are published in more than four hundred papers each year, and lead to the creation of start-up companies. The Magnet Science and Technology division and the Advanced Superconductivity Center at NHMFL meet the laboratory’s mission to develop new materials and to build new magnet systems to advance the frontiers of high magnetic field science.The mission of NHMFL also includes the education and training of the next generation of scientists as well as to increase the scientific awareness of the broader scientific community. A large number of scientists, including 500 undergraduate and graduate students, 200 postdoctoral scholars, and 250 early-career scientists, use the NHMFL as their training ground. The NHMFL reaches tens of thousands of K-12 students, teachers, and the public through classroom lessons, summer and winter camps, internships, tours, and web-based interactive tutorials and activities. An open house event organized by the scientific and technical staff at the NHMFL brings more than 10,000 members of the general public to perform hands-on experiments each year.The NHMFL includes seven user facilities: Steady State or DC Field, Electron Magnetic Resonance, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Ion Cyclotron Resonance at Florida State University; Pulsed Field at Los Alamos National Laboratory; and High B/T and Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy at the University of Florida. User access is provided through a competitive proposal review process. Magnetic fields both probe and manipulate quantum materials through coupling to electron spins, orbitals, and currents, controlling nuclear spins, imposing commensurabilities in energy or length scales, breaking symmetries and/or inducing magnetic vortices. Scientific research at the NHMFL is primarily focused, but not limited to, on advancing our understanding along seven broad frontiers: (a) emergent behaviors that results from electronic interactions in quantum materials; (b) the role of topology in giving rise to new physics in quantum matter; (c) exploring the new physics revealed in atomically-thin materials from monolayers to multi-layers to structures with multi-layer structures with twisted interlayer orientations; (d) extracting atomic-level descriptions of complex ‒ often disordered ‒ materials, including catalysts, glasses, and batteries, using both nuclear and electron magnetic resonance; (e) using resonance techniques on metabolites, biomolecular assemblies, and living organisms to measure structure, dynamics, and development under physiological and in vivo conditions; (f) using ion cyclotron resonance to probe chemically-complex organic mixtures at a molecular level, from dissolved organic matter to anthropogenic contaminants; and (g) researching high-strength conductors and superconductors necessary to advance magnet technologies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.