SaTC: Small: Core: Using Markets to Address Manipulated Information Online

没有言论自由，社会就无法正常运转。当成员国无法就基本事实达成一致时，它们的作用也很差。这项研究旨在发现技术辅助的社会结构，以最大限度地减少对事实混淆的不利影响，同时促进言论自由。为了实现这些目标，该项目开发、原型化和测试市场机制，以阻止信息来源造假，分散对虚假声明的检测，并改变生产虚假声明比生产诚实新闻成本更低的激励结构。它还寻求分散管理，使任何一方，无论是政府还是私人公司，都没有内容审核的权力。最后，为更新有关用户生成内容的平台责任豁免的互联网和媒体法律提供了原则依据。拟议的机制扩展了既定的信号和筛选经济学理论，允许作者可靠地发出有关其主张真实性的信息，同时帮助接受者相信哪些主张是诚实的。这一机制将举证责任放在作者身上，与现有的将举证责任放在信息接受者或平台上的机制形成对比。测试是在实验室环境中完成的，使用随机对照试验，这是确定因果关系的黄金标准。实验测试，例如，更诚实的候选人是否更有可能赢得比赛，更诚实的公司是否能卖出更多的产品。作者提出的主张将是分散的。根据市场设计原则，虚假索赔的检测和裁决也将分散。安全性、隐私性和匿名性被建议通过先进的技术来实现。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Societies function poorly without free speech. They also function poorly when members cannot agree on basic facts. This research seeks to discover technology-aided social structures that minimize the adverse impact of confusion about facts while promoting free speech. To accomplish these goals, the project develops, prototypes, and tests market mechanisms to dissuade sources of information from dissembling, to decentralize detection of false claims, and to change the incentive structure under which producing false claims is cheaper than producing honest news. It also seeks to decentralize governance so that no single party, neither a government nor a private firm, has content moderation authority. Finally, it provides a principled basis for updating Internet and media law concerning platform liability exemptions for user-generated content.The proposed mechanism extends established economic theories of signaling and screening that allow authors to credibly signal information regarding the veracity of their claims while helping recipients believe which claims are honest. This mechanism puts the burden of proof on the author, in contrast to extant mechanisms that put the burden of proof on the recipients of information or on the platform. Testing is accomplished in a laboratory setting, using randomized control trials, the gold standard for establishing causality. Experimentation tests, for example, whether more honest candidates are more likely to win a tournament and whether more honest firms can sell more products. The claims made by authors will be decentralized. Based on market design principles, the detection and the adjudication of false claims will also be decentralized. Security, privacy, and anonymity is proposed to be enforced by technology advances in the developed system.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.