Collaborative Research: SZ4D Catalyst

尽管全球迫切需要减轻地质灾害的风险，但我们对地震、海啸、火山喷发和山体滑坡背后的根本驱动因素以及它们在时间和空间上的可预测性的了解仍然有限。SZ4D(四维俯冲区)倡议是一项由社区推动的努力，旨在通过协调和促进对潜在物理和化学特征和过程的基础研究，直接满足这一需求，特别是在俯冲区。SZ4D试图回答以下问题：破坏性较大的地震在何时何地发生？跨地壳过程是如何引发弧形火山喷发的？地球大气层、水圈和固体地球内的事件是如何产生和跨俯冲带景观和海景输送沉积物的？俯冲带的能源预算中有多大一部分用于建造和塑造俯冲带的陆地和海景？我们如何改变我们地球科学界的思维模式，将教育、外联、可获得性、能力建设、多样性、公平、包容和社会正义作为SZ4D成功和地球科学界未来科学努力的关键组成部分？要回答这些问题，需要以仪器阵列的形式进行大量的基础设施投资，同时支持现场、建模和实验室科学。SZ4D的广阔愿景需要成本估计、时间阶段和项目规划，以便为全面提交给基金会和任何合作机构做准备。这项提案列出了一个快速实现这一发展的计划。这项拟议的SZ4D催化剂工作的主要组成部分是：1)一个配备工作人员的中心，该中心将按照集体影响模式组织工作，并在地球科学(BCG)中建立公平和能力。2)技术项目管理，以现实地评估工具选项的成本和权衡。3)地质、模型和实验室设施的准备工作，包括车间和适度的工程设计工作。所有这些具体活动都是经过战略选择的，因为它们直接影响实施计划草案的高优先级要素，并具有可识别、易处理的发展需求，这些需求应该在启动完整的SZ4D计划之前得到解决。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Despite the global urgency to mitigate the risk from geohazards, we still have limited understanding of the fundamental drivers behind earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and landslides, and thus their predictability in time and space. The SZ4D (Subduction Zones in Four Dimensions) initiative is a community-driven effort that strives to address this need directly by coordinating and enabling fundamental research on the underlying physical and chemical characteristics and processes specifically in subduction zones. SZ4D seeks to answer the following questions: When and where do large damaging earthquakes happen? How do trans-crustal processes initiate eruptions at arc volcanoes? How do events within Earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere, and solid Earth generate and transport sediment across subduction zone landscapes and seascapes? What fraction of a subduction zone’s energy budget goes into building and shaping subduction zone land- and seascapes? How can we transform the mindset of our geoscience community to embrace education, outreach, accessibility, capacity building, diversity, equity, inclusion, and social justice as critical components for the success of the SZ4D and future scientific endeavors by the geosciences community? Answering these questions will require a substantial infrastructure investment in the form of instrumental arrays accompanied by support for field, modeling and laboratory science.The expansive vision of SZ4D needs cost estimates, time phasing and project planning in order to prepare for full submission to the Foundation and any partnering agencies. This proposal lays out a plan to accomplish this development quickly. The major components of this proposed SZ4D catalyst effort are: 1) A staffed center that will organize the work and build equity and capacity in the Geosciences (BECG) following a Collective Impact model. 2) Technical project management to realistically evaluate costs and trade-offs of the instrumentation options. 3) Preparatory work for the geological, modeling and laboratory facilities which include workshops and modest engineering design work. All of these specific activities were strategically selected because they directly affect high-priority elements of the draft implementation plan and have identifiable, tractable development needs that should be addressed prior to launch of a full SZ4D program.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.