MagStar Phase-II: Supporting Cost-Effective, Long-Term Access to Scientific Data

对地球磁场的测量是用来了解太阳活动如何影响地球的。在高活动性期间，磁场变化迅速，这可能对电网造成破坏，干扰通信和导航卫星，并扰乱空中交通。从MagStar磁力计阵列获得的数据为支持每个部门最终用户的多个科学领域的研究提供信息。该阵列还为各种电力公用事业合作伙伴和独立系统运营商（iso）提供实时数据，用于灾害意识和NOAA空间天气预报中心。它是目前在美国附近仅有的两个运行的科学级磁力计阵列之一。MagStar项目最初由美国国家科学基金会分布式小型仪器阵列（DASI）拨款NSF-193304资助，已经成功地在美国各地的观测间隙部署了13台实时操作磁强计。数据实时提供（不到1秒），高质量的研究和操作（0.1nT分辨率），大多数位置的正常运行时间/数据捕获超过99%。随着我们进入太阳活动极大期，地磁活动增加，磁星支持的研究工作将变得越来越普遍。重要的是，这些数据流的连续性在太阳周期的高活跃期得以保持。该项目的下一阶段将继续维护和运行该阵列两年，以支持长期的科学数据可用性，包括开发更好的支持数据传输到SuperMag和Madrigal数据库，以方便公众访问，并通过现有的API维护实时数据传输给用户。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Measurements of the Earth's magnetic field are used to understand how Solar activity affects the Earth. During periods of high activity, the magnetic field changes rapidly, which can cause damage to power grids, interference with communication and navigation satellites, and disruption of air traffic. The data obtained from the MagStar magnetometer array inform research into the multiple scientific domains supporting end-users in each sector. The array also provides real-time data to various power utility partners and independent system operators (ISOs) for hazard awareness and the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center. It is one of only two currently operating scientific-grade magnetometer arrays in the contiguous United States.The MagStar project, originally funded through the NSF Distributed Array of Small Instruments (DASI) grant NSF-193304, has successfully deployed 13 real-time operational magnetometers in observational gaps across the contiguous United States. The data are provided in real-time (less than 1 second), at high-quality for research and operations (0.1nT resolution), and up-time/data capture at most locations exceeds 99%. As we head into solar maximum conditions and geomagnetic activity increases, the research efforts that MagStar supports will become increasingly more prevalent. It is important that continuity of these data streams is maintained through this high-activity period of the solar cycle. The next phase of this project will support long-term data availability for scientific use by continuing to maintain and operate the array for two years, including developing better support for data transfer to the SuperMag and Madrigal databases for ease of public access, and maintaining real-time data transfer to users through the existing API.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.