AccelNet-Design: A Global Network of Networks of Integrated Urban Services (GNNIUS) for Healthy and Smart Cities

城市化改变了城市的形式和功能，这可能会影响当地和区域的大气和水圈，导致一个城市独特的城市气候。这些变化还可能与极端天气和气候事件相互作用，对多部门城市系统的健康和运作产生重大影响。随着智能传感器系统和计算能力的进步，研究人员已经能够为城市气候和系统研究生成状态变量，这在城市气象灾害的决策支持方面取得了成功。尽管取得了这一进展，但仍然缺乏一个城市分析平台，在适当的时空尺度上为城市气候和系统提供连贯和标准化的数据库。城市分析平台的缺乏阻碍了全球城市气候研究成果的推广，并阻碍了研究成果在多部门城市系统中的应用。为应对这些挑战，该项目旨在建立一个全球综合城市服务网络，汇集不同国家的科学专门知识和独特设施和资源，以填补城市气候和系统研究方面的知识空白。GNNIUS将提高下一代研究人员的包容性和多样性，并将通过全球和多学科的共同努力，帮助推进城市气候的基础科学，解决紧迫的社会问题。通过一系列有指导的讨论和一个讲习班，城市气候和系统研究人员和利益攸关方的国际协调将制定启动城市分析平台的准则和应用该平台的协议，以更好地为全球城市提供综合城市服务。这一网络将启动一个目前城市研究界缺乏的通用城市分析平台，以促进对多尺度过程的理解，利用传感器和模型的新范式来解决最重要的知识差距，并考虑多部门系统中的共同利益/权衡，以支持决策。GNNIUS将创建（1）领域专家之间的跨学科对话（即，城市气候和系统）和技术专家（即，传感器网络、传感和控制、不确定性量化和大数据科学）。(2)在不同的全球城市中，互补的观测、建模和数据分析之间的协同作用。(3)该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

Urbanization alters the forms and functions of a city, which can affect the atmosphere and hydrosphere locally and regionally, resulting in a city's unique urban climate. These changes can also interact with extreme weather and climate events, having a significant impact on the health and operation of multi-sectoral urban systems. With the advancement of smart sensor systems and computational power, researchers have been able to generate state variables for urban climates and systems research, which have demonstrated success in decision support for urban meteorological hazards. Despite this progress, there is still a lack of an urban analytics platform that provides coherent and standardized databases for urban climates and systems at appropriate spatiotemporal scales. This lack of an urban analytics platform impedes the generalization of urban climate research results across global cities and hinders the application of research outcomes to multi-sectoral urban systems. To address these challenges, this project aims to establish a global network of networks of integrated urban services (GNNIUS), bringing together scientific expertise and unique facilities and resources from different countries to address knowledge gaps in urban climate and systems research. GNNIUS will improve the inclusiveness and diversity of the next-generation researchers and will help advance fundamental science in urban climates and solve pressing societal problems with global and multi-disciplinary joint efforts. Through a series of guided discussions and a workshop, the international coordination of urban climates and systems researchers and stakeholders will establish guidelines for initiating an urban analytics platform and protocols for applying it to better deliver integrated urban services across global cities. This network of networks will initiate a general urban analytics platform currently missing in the urban research community that is needed to advance understanding of multi-scale processes, harness the new paradigm of sensors and models to address the most consequential knowledge gaps, and consider co-benefits/tradeoffs in multi-sectoral systems for decision-making support. GNNIUS will create (1) trans-disciplinary dialogues between domain experts (i.e., urban climates and systems) and technical experts (i.e., sensor networks, sensing and control, uncertainty quantification, and big-data science). (2) synergies among complementary observation, modeling and data analytics in distinct global cities. (3) a consensus to holistically evaluate strategies to achieve the desired objectives, such as urban climate mitigation and adaption strategies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.