Urban development in Antiquity at the border of the Greek oikoumene. Archaeological investigations in the outer urban territory of Olbia Pontica

这一德国-乌克兰联合项目的目的是探索作为希腊黑海殖民地重要城市组成部分的Olbia Pontica外围城市领土的发展、规模和结构。因此，继续第一个应用阶段的成功考古工作和建立新的网络，包括地球物理勘探和地球化学陶瓷分析，为在项目第二阶段收集尽可能多的信息奠定了基础。在这方面，地球物理勘探为回答有关郊区及其古老的西部边界的范围和结构的问题提供了机会。因此，试验区的相关磁图在假设的郊区地区和已知的墓地地区显示了明显的异常。在这些区域之间的一个测量段内，甚至发现了一个长约45米的线性异常，作为最初在郊区西部边界设防的潜在证据。将在地球物理勘探的基础上进行有针对性的考古野外工作，同时检查和更新结果。所获得的数据将被用来澄清证据的实际组成，追踪发展线，并与发现的光谱一起，促进对选定结构的年代性分类。因此，需要验证这一假设是否郊区的发展是从西线开始的，然后慢慢向内陆扩散，以及是否可以根据住宅建筑的质量和执行情况确定它们与代表性交通路线的距离。总共选择了三个具有代表性的挖掘区域，其结果将成为比较分析的基础。与此同时，需要对郊区假定设防的边界附近的情况进行考古检查。最后，系统的陶瓷分析将伴随着考古田野工作，这对奥尔比亚来说是一种新奇的形式，将用于调查公元前6世纪/5世纪当地陶瓷生产的发展。目标是建立一个可靠的数据库，其中将特别考虑到郊区发现的陶瓷光谱，最好是提供与确定原产地以及当地和超区域贸易关系有关的进一步见解。为了完成发现光谱，计划在南部的希腊殖民地Borysthenes和北部的土著定居点Nmirov采集更多的比较样本，这可能对重建当地贸易关系非常重要，因为从这两个定居点都知道了广泛的当地和希腊确定的陶瓷光谱。

The aim of this joint German-Ukrainian project is to explore the development, size and structure of the outer urban territory of Olbia Pontica as an important urban component of a Greek Black Sea colony. Thereby, the continuation of the successful archaeological work of the first application phase and creation of new networks including geophysical prospection and geochemical ceramic analyses provide the basis for gathering as much information as possible in the second phase of the project. In this connection geophysical prospection offers opportunities to answer questions as to the extension and structure of the suburb as well as to its ancient western border. Thus, the related magnetograms from the test areas show clearly distinguishable anomalies in the assumed suburb area and in the already known necropolis area. Within one measuring segment between these areas even a linear anomaly of ca. 45 m length was located as potential evidence of an originally fortified western border of the suburb. Targeted archaeological fieldwork will be conducted on the basis of geophysical prospection, at the same time serving for checking and updating the results. The acquired data will be used to clarify the actual composition of the evidence, to trace lines of development and together with the spectrum of finds facilitate the chronological classification of the selected structures. Therefore, the assumption needs to be verified whether the development of the suburb began along the western route, slowly spreading inland, and whether differences according to the quality and execution of residential structures can be determined in relation to their distance from the representative traffic route. Altogether, three representative excavation areas have been selected, the findings of which will form the basis for comparative analysis. At the same time, the situation in the vicinity of the presumed fortified border of the suburb needs to be archaeologically examined. Finally, systematic ceramic analyses are intended to accompany the archaeological fieldwork, which are, in this form, a novelty for Olbia and will serve for investigating the development of local ceramic production in the 6th/5th century BC. The objective is to set up a reliable database which will take into account particularly the ceramic spectrum of finds from the suburb, ideally providing further insights relating to the determination of origin as well as the local and supra-regional trade relations. For completing the find spectrum additional comparative samples are planned to be taken in the Greek colony Borysthenes in the south and the indigenous settlement Nemirov in the north which could be very significant for the reconstruction of local trade relations, as an extensive locally and Greek determined ceramic spectrum is known from both settlements.