GRK 570: Gauge theories - experimental tests and theoretical foundations

在过去的25年里，规范理论被证明是描述物质基本成分之间基本相互作用的最有前途的理论。这种理论的前身和模型是自1930年以来的量子电动力学，1967年，电弱理论被添加到量子电动力学中，作为电磁和弱相互作用的统一理论。最后，在1974年，强子组分之间强相互作用的理论，量子色动力学，也可以沿着同样的原理表述出来。在过去的十年里，物理学朝着在统一理论中理解所有力的目标取得了相当大的进展。只是缺少了重力的完整积分。规范理论在高能量下非常成功。量子色动力学在中能区的应用仍然是一个难题。这里的“有效模型”，例如“手征微扰理论”，与QCD背景给出精确的预测，可以通过实验进行验证。在这个研究培训组实验和理论小组一起工作，在规范理论的探索。实验在欧洲核子研究中心的加速器（SPS和LHC），芝加哥附近的美国研究实验室费米实验室，美因茨微加速器MAMI和中微子微加速器阿曼达进行。

In the last 25 years gauge theories have turned out to be the most promising theories to describe the fundamental interactions between the elementary constituents of matter. Precursor and model of such theories was, since 1930, quantum electrodynamics, to which in 1967 the electroweak theory was added as the unified theory ofelectromagnetic and weak interactions. Finally in 1974 also the theory of strong interactions between the constituents of hadrons, quantumchromodynamics, could be formulated along the same principles. In the last decade physics has made considerable progress towards the aim ofunderstanding all forces in a unified theory. Only the full integration of gravity is missing. Gauge theories are extremely successful at high energies. Application of quantum chromodynamics in the medium energy range is still difficult. Here "effective models", like e.g. "chiral perturbation theory", with a QCD background give precise predictions which can be tested experimentally.In this research training group both experimental and theoretical groups work together in the exploration of gauge theories. The experiments take place at the accelerators of CERN (SPS and LHC), at the US research laboratory Fermilab near Chicago, at the Mainz microtron MAMI and at the neutrino telescop AMANDA.