Antropogenic and natural induced coastal environmental change in southern Italian during the last 5 millenia.

该项目的重点是人类活动的历史及其对海洋沿海生态系统的影响。我们将研究底层海洋沉积花粉/孢子和木炭含量，以建立植被和人为影响的关键方面（包括农业，工业和火灾活动）的高时间分辨率重建。沉积沟鞭藻孢囊组成的变化将被用来重建过去的海洋环境条件，包括上层水营养条件和底层水氧化还原条件。通过与考古和历史信息以及（在线）数据库中可用的仪器数据（如全球最长的Po-2000仪器数据系列）进行比较，将深入了解变化的自然和人为特征。河流流量和意大利中部气温。此外，我们将比较结果与潜在的自然导向因素，如太阳辐射，火山活动和变化的区域相关的气候模式（如北大西洋涛动）的信息。我们将使用频率和小波分析来测试孢粉学信号的循环特征。对于该项目，可获得独特的高质量沉积档案。一套广泛的海洋和河口表面沉积物样品沿着意大利西部和南部海岸形成的基础上，详细校准和调整代理现代环境，海洋/水生，人为和气候条件，并获得有关河流的沉积物负载的具体孢粉组成。除此之外，将进一步开发基于甲藻孢囊的转移方法，以量化过去的海洋环境条件。将调查意大利西南部沿海海洋位置的分层沉积物档案，这些档案可以每三年进行一次样品分辨率的研究。这些档案位于意大利南部火山的下风处，确保建立强大而独立的火山灰年代学支持的年表。最初的研究重点是大的环境和气候变化的时间间隔，如前工业-工业过渡（过去200年），小冰期，中世纪气候异常，罗马气候最佳和荷马过渡。

This project focuses on the history of human activity and its impact on the marine coastal ecosystem. We will study the downcore marine sedimentary pollen/spores and charcoal content to establishing high temporal resolution reconstructions in vegetation and key aspects of anthropogenic impact including agricultural, industrial and fire activity. Changes the sedimentary dinoflagellate cysts composition will be used to reconstruct past marine environmental conditions including upper water trophic conditions and bottom water redox conditions.Insight in the natural and anthropogenic character of the variability will be gained by comparison with archeological and historical information and with instrumental data available in (online) databases such as the world-wide longest instrumental data series of Po-river discharge and central Italian air temperature. Furthermore we will compare the results with information of potential natural steering factors such as solar insolation, volcanic activity and variability in for the region relevant climate modes (e.g. the North Atlantic Oscillation). We will test the downcore variability in palynological signals on its cyclic character using frequency and wavelet analyses. For the project sedimentary archives of a unique high quality are available. An extensive set of marine and river mouth surface sediment samples along the western and southern Italian coast form the basis for a detailed calibration and tuning of the proxies to modern day environmental, oceanographic/aquatic, anthropogenic and climatic conditions and to obtain information about the river-specific palynological composition of the sediment load. Additional to this, dinoflagellate cyst based transfer methods will be further developed to enable the quantification of past marine environmental conditions.Laminated sediment archives from coastal southwestern Italian marine locations that can be studied with a sample resolution of one sample every three years will be investigated. These archives are located downwind the South Italian volcanoes ensuring the establishment of robust and independent tephrochronology supported chronologies. Initial focus of investigation are time intervals of large environmental and climate change, such as the pre-industrial - industrial transition (last 200 years), the Little Ice Age, the Medieval Climate Anomaly, the Roman Climate Optimum and the Homeric Transition.