Finding appropriate and original solutions: An investigation into personal and situational factors that influence motor problem solving and creativity.

自适应解决运动问题的能力是运动技能和学习的一个决定性特征。然而，这一直是运动科学研究的一个不足的领域，在体育运动和体育教育项目的人才识别和发展中也被很大程度上忽视了。与此同时，认知科学也迫切需要检查在认知以外的任务领域中解决问题和创造力模型的适当性。本研究旨在通过在运动领域采用当代认知创造力理论——解决问题的双重途径和创造力模型，推动运动技能和创造力研究领域的发展。具体来说，我们使用验证的运动创造力测试i)调查运动问题解决和创造力是否由灵活性和持久性这两条独立的通路介导，ii)评估运动问题解决和创造力的个体差异是否反映了注意广度和工作记忆对灵活性和持久性通路的不同影响。Iii)调查认知和运动问题解决与创造力之间是否存在关系，以及这种关系如何随着年龄的增长而发展；iv)研究运动学习在多大程度上促进了问题解决和创造力，特别是作为实践可变性程度的函数，以及运动学习在多大程度上通过陈述性知识的积累进行。

The capacity to adaptively solve motor problems is a defining characteristic of motor skill and learning. Nevertheless, this has been an understudied area of research in movement sciences as well as being largely ignored for talent identification and development in sport and physical education programs. Concurrently, there is also an urgent need in cognitive sciences to examine the appropriateness of models of problem solving and creativity in task domains other than cognition.The research proposed aims to advance both the fields of motor skill and creativity research by adopting the dual pathway to problem solving and creativity model, a contemporary theory of creativity in cognition, in the motor domain. Specifically, we use validated motor creativity tests i) to investigate whether motor problem solving and creativity are mediated by the two separate pathways of flexibility and persistence, ii) to assess whether individual differences in motor problem solving and creativity reflect differential influences of breadth of attention and working memory to the flexibility and persistence pathways, iii) to investigate if a relationship exists between cognitive and motor problem solving and creativity and how this develops with age, and iv) to examine to what degree motor learning promotes problem solving and creativity in particular as a function of the degree of practice variability and the degree to which motor learning proceeds through the accrual of declarative knowledge.