Passive sampling and passive dosing- an innovative approach for the combined chemical and biological analysis of hydrophobic organic pollutants sediment porewater of marine systems

该项目旨在开发创新指标，以便对海洋生态系统中沉积物结合污染物的污染和潜在风险进行空间结构化描述和评估。直接将结果与化学分析相关联，并使用目标分析物的人工混合物验证结果。这将通过采用基于固相微萃取的原位平衡采样器（被动采样器）来实现，以调查海洋生态系统中的疏水有机化合物。携带采样的污染物混合物的PDMS中空纤维然后将直接用作小规模生物测试系统中的被动给药阶段。由于不需要提取纤维，因此显著降低了改变原始物质组成的风险。因此，所得到的数据对于现场的实际污染具有高度代表性。随后，将重新组装分析的混合物，并在测试系统中使用被动给药进行浓度系列测试，以得出浓度响应曲线。结合污染物的分布和累积结果，将有可能估计沉积物污染物造成的风险（混合物毒性），这种实际的毒性数据，再加上关于化合物分布的知识，并与沉积物参数相关联，是得出波罗的海沃茨良好环境状况的可靠指标的良好基础。

The proposed project aims at the development of innovative indicators to allow for a spatially structured description and assessment of the pollution and the risk potential of sediment-bound contaminants in marine ecosystems.For the first time the project will obtain toxicity data for the pore water concentrations of hydrophobic organic pollutants with largely reduced uncertainty, directly correlate the results with chemical analysis and verify the findings using artificial mixtures of the target analytes. This will be achieved by adaptation of an in situ equlibrium sampler (passive sampler) based on solid phase microextraction (SPME) for the investigation of hydrophobic organic compounds in marine ecosystems. The PDMS hollow fibers carrying the sampled pollutant mixtures will then be directly applied as passive dosing phases in small-scale biotest systems. As hence no extraction of the fibers is necessary, the risk to alter the original substance composition is significantly reduced. Thus, resulting data are highly representative for the actual pollution on-site. Subsequently, the analysed mixture will be reassembled and tested with concentration series using passive dosing in the test systems to derive concentration-response curves. Together with results on the distribution and accumulation of the contaminants an estimation of the risk due to sediment-bound pollutants will be possible (mixture toxicity).Such realistic toxicity data in combination with knowledge on the distribution of the compounds and correlated with sediment parameters are a good foundation to derive reliable indicators for a good environmental state of Baltic Sea waters.